/****************************************************************/
 /*          S A S   S A M P L E   L I B R A R Y                 */
 /*                                                              */
 /*    NAME: PLOTIT                                              */
 /*   TITLE: GRAPHICAL SCATTERPLOTS OF LABELED POINTS            */
 /* PRODUCT: STAT                                                */
 /*  SYSTEM: ALL                                                 */
 /*    KEYS: SCATTERPLOTS, GRAPHS                                */
 /*   PROCS: PLOT GANNO PRINTTO SQL CONTENTS SORT MEANS TRANSREG */
 /*          PRINT                                               */
 /*    DATA:                                                     */
 /*                                                              */
 /* SUPPORT: SASWFK                      UPDATE:  28FEB94        */
 /*     REF: OBSERVATIONS, FOURTH QUARTER 1994.                  */
 /*    MISC: SAS/GRAPH SOFTWARE MUST BE LICENSED.                */
 /*          THE DEFAULT DEVICE IS XCOLOR.                       */
 /*                                                              */
 /*          THE MACRO CREATES FILES WITH HOST SPECIFIC NAMES.   */
 /*          SEE THE FILEPREF= PLOTFILE=, AND POST= OPTIONS.     */
 /*          IT IS A GOOD IDEA TO SPECIFY DEFAULTS               */
 /*          FOR THESE OPTIONS TO AVOID MAKING THE MACRO         */
 /*          GENERATE NAMES.                                     */
 /*                                                              */
 /*          BEFORE YOU RUN THE MACRO, MAKE SURE THESE FILE      */
 /*          NAMES DO NOT CONFLICT WITH EXISTING FILES!!!        */
 /*          SEARCH for the string '-set default file names-'    */
 /*          TO SEE HOW THESE NAMES ARE CREATED.                 */
 /*                                                              */
 /****************************************************************/

 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------

 Purpose: This file contains a macro to create graphical scatterplots
          with point labels, vectors, and circles.
 Article: Graphical Scatterplots of Labeled Points, OBSERVATIONS: The
          Technical Journal for SAS Software Users, Fourth Quarter 1994,
          Vol. 4, No. 1.
 Author:  Warren F. Kuhfeld, SAS Institute Inc.
 Software Release: 6.10
 Notes:   This macro has undergone substantial modification since its
          first version appeared in Marketing Research: Uncovering
          Competitive Advantages, SUGI 17 Proceedings, Statistics and
          Statistical Graphics Section.  It now requires the 6.10 or
          later release of PROC PLOT.  Its general approach is quite
          different, and it is much more flexible.

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

 DISCLAIMER:

       THIS INFORMATION IS PROVIDED BY SAS INSTITUTE INC. AS A SERVICE
 TO ITS USERS.  IT IS PROVIDED "AS IS".  THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES,
 EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
 PARTICULAR PURPOSE REGARDING THE ACCURACY OF THE MATERIALS OR CODE
 CONTAINED HEREIN.

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

 The PLOTIT macro performs the following steps.

 1) It reads an input data set and preprocesses it.  The preprocessed
 data set contains information such as the axis variables, the
 point-symbol and point-label variables, and symbol and label types,
 sizes, fonts, and colors.  The nature of the preprocessing depends on
 the type of data analysis that generated the input data set.  For
 example, if the option DATATYPE=MDPREF was specified with an input
 data set created by PROC PRINQUAL for a multidimensional preference
 analysis, then the PLOTIT macro creates blue points for _TYPE_ =
 'SCORE' observations and red vectors for _TYPE_ = 'CORR'
 observations.

 2) A DATA step, using the DATA Step Graphics Interface, determines how
 big to make the graphical plot.

 3) PROC PLOT determines where to position the point labels.  The
 printer plot of the preprocessed data set is routed to a file with
 PROC PRINTTO.  By default, if some of the point label characters are
 hidden, the PLOTIT macro recreates the printer plot with a larger line
 and page size, and hence creates more cells and more room for the
 labels.

 4) The printer plot is read, and information from it and the
 preprocessed data set are combined to create an Annotate data set.
 The label position information is read from the PROC PLOT output, and
 all of the symbol, size, font, and color information is extracted from
 the preprocessed data set.  The Annotate data set contains all of the
 instructions for drawing the axes, ticks, tick marks, titles, point
 symbols, point labels, axis labels, and so on.  Circles can be drawn
 around certain locations, and vectors can be drawn from the origin to
 other locations.

 5) The Annotate data set is displayed with the GANNO procedure.  The
 PLOTIT macro does not use PROC GPLOT.

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

 Typical usage:

 * The default METHOD=gplot creates the graphical scatterplot.
   Iteratively change options until you are satisfied with the plot.
   (Note: specify DATA= since the macro creates a data set that cannot
   be used as input again to the macro.)  You exit the graph window
   in the same way you would any other graph window, for example by
   typing END or CANCEL, hitting return, clicking with the mouse, and
   so on.

 Post-processing the scatterplot:

 * You can post-process the Annotate data step to change colors,
   fonts, undesirable placements, and so on.  Sometimes, this can be
   done with the ADJUST4= option.  Alternatively, when you specify
   METHOD=none, you create an Annotate data set without displaying it.
   The data set name is by default WORK.ANNO.  You can then manipulate
   it further with a data step or PROC FSEDIT to change colors, fonts,
   or sizes for some labels; move some labels; and so on.  If the final
   result is a new data set called anno2, display it by running:

   PROC GANNO ANNOTATE=ANNO2;
      RUN;

 Alternative output:

 * To just see the printer plot, specify METHOD=plot.

 * To create a file to route to a plotter or printer, specify
   METHOD=print.

 * Use GOUT= to write the plot to a catalogue.

 Problem solving:

 * When you have problems, try DEBUG=vars to see what the macro
   thinks you specified.  It is also helpful to specify:
   DEBUG=mprint notes.  You can also print the final Annotate
   data set and the preprocessing data set:

   OPTIONS LS=180;
   PROC PRINT DATA=ANNO UNIFORM;
      RUN;

   PROC PRINT DATA=PREPROC UNIFORM;
      RUN;

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

 Samples:

 *------Simple Correspondence Analysis------;
 proc corresp all data=cars outc=coor;
    tables marital, origin;
    run;

 %plotit(data=coor,datatype=corresp)

 *------Multiple Correspondence Analysis------;
 proc corresp mca observed data=cars outc=coor;
    tables origin size type income home marital sex;
    run;

 %plotit(data=coor,datatype=mca)

 *------MDPREF------;
 proc prinqual data=carpref out=results n=2
               replace standard scores correlations;
    id model;
    transform ide(judge1-judge25);
    title2 'Multidimensional Preference (MDPREF) Analysis';
    run;

 %plotit(data=results,datatype=mdpref 2.5)

 *------PREFMAP, Vector Model------;
 proc transreg data=presults;
    model ide(mpg reliable ride)=identity(prin1 prin2);
    output tstandard=center coefficients replace out=tresult1;
    id model;
    title2 'Preference Mapping (PREFMAP) Analysis';
    run;

 %plotit(data=tresult1,datatype=vector 2.5)

 *------PREFMAP, Ideal Point------;
 proc transreg data=presults;
    model identity(mpg reliable ride)=point(prin1 prin2);
    output tstandard=center coordinates replace out=tresult1;
    id model;
    title2 'Preference Mapping (PREFMAP) Analysis';
    run;

 %plotit(data=tresult1,datatype=ideal,antiidea=1)

 *------MDPREF, labeled vector end points------;
 proc prinqual cor data=a out=rec score std rep;
    transform identity(sub:);
    id activity active relaxing spectato;
    title1 'MDPREF of Recreational Activities';
    run;

 %plotit(data=rec,datatype=mdpref2 3,
         symlen=2,vechead=,adjust1=%str(
         if _type_ = 'CORR' then do;
            __symbol = substr(activity,4);
            __ssize  = 0.7;
            activity = ' ';
            end;))

 *------Bivariate Normal Density Function------;
 proc iml;
    s = inv({1 0.25 , 0.25 1});
    m = -2.5; n = 2.5; inc = 0.05; k = 0;
    x = j((1 + (n - m) / inc) ** 2 ,3 ,0);
    c = sqrt(det(s)) / (2 * 3.1415);
    do i = m to n by inc;
       do j = m to n by inc;
          k = k + 1; v = i || j;
          z = c * exp(-0.5 * v * s * v`);
          x[k,] = v || z;
          end;
       end;
    x = x[loc(x[,3] > 0.01),];
    create x from x[colname={'x' 'y' 'z'}]; append from x;
    quit;

 title 'Bivariate Normal Density Function';
 %plotit(datatype=contour,data=x,
         paint=z black blue magenta red)

 *------Discriminant Analysis------;
 proc format;
    value specname 1='SETOSA    ' 2='VERSICOLOR' 3='VIRGINICA ';
    run;

 data plotdata;
    do sepallen = 30 to 80 by 0.5;
       do petallen = 0 to 70 by 0.5;
          output;
          end;
       end;
    run;

 proc discrim data=iris testdata=plotdata testoutd=plotd
              method=normal pool=no short noclassify;
    class s;
    format s specname.;
    var petallen sepallen;
    title 'Discriminant Analysis of Fisher (1936) Iris Data';
    title2 'Using Normal Density Estimates with POOL=NO';
    run;

 data all;
    set plotd iris(in=iris);
    if iris then do;
       _type_ = s; * unformatted species number 1, 2, 3;
       output;
       end;
    else do;
       _type_ = 4;
       z = max(setosa,versicol,virginic);
       output;
       end;
    run;

 %plotit(data=all,plotvars=petallen sepallen,labelvar=_blank_,symlen=10,
         ls=100,exttypes=contour,rgbtypes=contour,
         adjust1=%str(if __color ne 'CX000000';),
         types  =1      2          3         4,
         symtype=symbol symbol     symbol    contour,
         symsize=0.7    0.7        0.7       1.25,
         symbols=Setosa Versicolor Virginica U,
         symfont=swiss  swiss      swiss     marker,
         colors =blue   magenta    cyan,
         paint=z black yellow orange red)

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

 WARNINGS:

 The macro creates files.  See the FILEPREF= PLOTFILE=, and POST=
 options and make sure these file names do not conflict with
 existing names.

 This macro creates variable namess that begin with two underscores and
 assumes that these names will not conflict with any input data set
 variable names.

 It is not feasible with a macro to provide the full range of error
 checking that is provided with a procedure.  Some error checking is
 provided, but not all errors will be diagnosed.

 Not all options will work with all other options.  Some combinations
 of options may produce macro errors or Annotate errors.

 This macro may not be fully portable.  When you switch operating
 systems or graphics devices, some changes may be necessary to get the
 macro to run successfully again.  Possible problem areas include host
 differences in the file creation and reading from PROC PRINTTO.

 Graphics device differences may also be a problem.  We do not know of
 any portability problems, but the macro has not been tested on all
 supported devices.

 This macro tries to create a plot with equated axes, where a
 centimeter on one axis represents the same data range as a centimeter
 on the other axis.  The only way to accomplish this is by
 explicitly and jointly controlling the HSIZE=, VSIZE=, HPOS=, and
 VPOS= GOPTIONS.  By default, the macro tries to ensure that all of the
 values work for the specific device.  See MAKEFIT=, XMAX=, and YMAX=.
 By default the macro uses GASK to determine XMAX and YMAX.
 If you change any of these options, your axes may not be equated.

                            vsize * hpos
 Axes are equated when:    --------------  =  vtoh
                            hsize * vpos

 When you are plotting variables that have very different scales, you
 may need to specify appropriate tick increments for both axes to get
 a reasonable plot.  Here is an example:
 PLOTOPTS=haxis=by 20 vaxis=by 5000.
 Alternatively, just specifying the smaller increment is often
 sufficient: PLOTOPTS=haxis=by 20.
 Alternatively, specify VTOH=, (null value) to get a plot like PROC
 GPLOT's, with the window filled.

 By default, the macro iteratively creates and recreates the plot,
 increasing the line size and the flexibility in the PLACEMENT= list
 until there are no penalties.

 The SAS system option OVP (overprint) is not supported by this macro.

 --------------------------------------------------------------------*/

%macro plotit(            /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* The default device is XCOLOR.  Specify  */
                          /* GOPPLOT= to change it.                  */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Note that you may not specify a         */
                          /* GOPTIONS statement.  If you do, it will */
                          /* be overridden.  All GOPTIONS must be    */
                          /* specified with the four GOP options.    */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Note that for many analyses, the only   */
                          /* options you need to specify are DATA=,  */
                          /* DATATYPE=, and sometimes METHOD=.  To   */
                          /* specify variables to plot, specify      */
                          /* PLOTVARS=, LABELVAR=, and SYMVAR=.      */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
method=gplot,             /* gplot - Uses GOPTIONS from GOPPLOT=.    */
                          /* Generates a graphical scatterplot.      */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* plot - Printer plot only.               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* print - Uses GOPTIONS from GOPPRINT=.   */
                          /* It creates a graphics stream file.      */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* none - Just creates the Annotate data   */
                          /* set and sets up GOPTIONS using GOPPLOT=.*/
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* The next four options specify GOPTIONS: */
                          /* gopprint - printing (creating a         */
                          /*            graphics stream file).       */
                          /* gopplot  - directly plotting on the     */
                          /*            screen.                      */
                          /* gopts2   - goptions that are always     */
                          /*            used, regardless of whether  */
                          /*            GOPPLOT= or GOPPRINT= is     */
                          /*            used.                        */
                          /* gopts    - provides a way to specify    */
                          /*            additional options.          */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* A few device names:                     */
                          /* qmscolor - color plotter.               */
                          /* psepsf   - encapsulated postscript.     */
                          /* psl      - postscript.                  */
                          /* xcolor   - X windows, color.            */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Useful additional goptions for GOPTS=   */
                          /* include:                                */
                          /* rotate      - landscape orientation     */
                          /* cback=color - background color          */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/

gopprint=device=qmscolor gsfmode=replace gaccess=gsasfile,

gopplot=device=xcolor cback=black,

gopts2=reset=goptions erase,

gopts=,

                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
data=_last_,              /* Input data set.  You should always      */
                          /* specify DATA= since the macro creates   */
                          /* data sets that are not suitable for use */
                          /* as input.                               */
                          /*                                         */
out=anno,                 /* Output Annotate data set.               */
                          /*                                         */
gout=,                    /* PROC ANNO GOUT= specification.  This    */
                          /* option puts a plot in a catalogue.      */
                          /* With GOUT=gc.slides, first specify:     */
                          /* LIBNAME GC '.';                         */
                          /* Then to replay, run:                    */
                          /* PROC GREPLAY IGOUT=GC.SLIDES; RUN;      */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Note that replayed plots will not in    */
                          /* general have the correct aspect ratio.  */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
plotvars=,                /* Specify the y variable then the x       */
                          /* variable.  To work with say DIM2 and    */
                          /* DIM3, specify PLOTVARS=DIM2 DIM3.  The  */
                          /* DATATYPE= option controls the default.  */
                          /*                                         */
labelvar=,                /* Variable that contains the point        */
                          /* labels.  The default is the last        */
                          /* character variable in the data set.     */
                          /* If LABELVAR=_blank_ is specified, the   */
                          /* macro will create a blank label         */
                          /* variable.                               */
                          /*                                         */
symvar=_symbol_,          /* Variable that contains the plotting     */
                          /* symbol for input to PROC PLOT.  When    */
                          /* _symbol_ is specified, this variable is */
                          /* created, typically from the SYMBOLS=    */
                          /* list, which may be constructed inside   */
                          /* the macro.  (Note that the variable     */
                          /* __symbol is created to contain the      */
                          /* symbol for the graphical scatterplot.   */
                          /* The variables _symbol_ and __symbol may */
                          /* or may not contain the same values.)    */
                          /* Variables can be specified, and the     */
                          /* first SYMLEN= characters are used for   */
                          /* the symbol.  When a null (SYMVAR=,) or  */
                          /* constant value is specified, the symbol */
                          /* from the printer plot will be used      */
                          /* (which is always length one, no matter  */
                          /* what is specified for SYMLEN=).  To get */
                          /* PROC PLOT pointer symbols, specify      */
                          /* SYMVAR='00'x, (hex null constant).  To  */
                          /* center labels with no symbols, specify: */
                          /* SYMVAR=,PLACE=0.                        */
                          /*                                         */
symlen=1,                 /* Length of symbols.  Normally, symbols   */
                          /* are single characters, but the macro    */
                          /* can center longer strings at the symbol */
                          /* location.                               */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
datatype=,                /* Specifies the type of data analysis     */
                          /* that generated the data set.  This      */
                          /* option is used to set defaults for      */
                          /* other options and to do some            */
                          /* preprocessing of the data.              */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* When the data type is corresp, mds,     */
                          /* mca, row, column, mdpref, mdpref2,      */
                          /* vector, or ideal, LABEL=typical is      */
                          /* implied when LABEL= is not otherwise    */
                          /* specified.  The default point label     */
                          /* variable is the last character variable */
                          /* in the data set.                        */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* null value - (DATATYPE=, the default)   */
                          /* no special processing.  The default     */
                          /* plotting variables are the first two    */
                          /* numeric variables in the data set.      */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* corresp, mds, mca, row, column:         */
                          /* sets the default PLOTVARS to DIM2 and   */
                          /* DIM1.                                   */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* otherwise when a nonnull value is       */
                          /* specified, the default PLOTVARS are     */
                          /* PRIN2 and PRIN1.                        */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=mdpref,                        */
                          /* specifies multidimensional preference   */
                          /* analysis with vectors and blank labels. */
                          /* Note that DATATYPE=mdpref can also be   */
                          /* used for ordinary principal component   */
                          /* analysis.                               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=mdpref2,                       */
                          /* specifies MDPREF with vector labels     */
                          /* (MDPREF and labels *too*).              */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=vector,                        */
                          /* specifies a PREFMAP vector model.       */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=mds vector,                    */
                          /* specifies PREFMAP after MDS.            */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=ideal,                         */
                          /* specifies a PREFMAP ideal point model.  */
                          /* See the ANTIIDEA=, RADII=, and CIRSEGS= */
                          /* options.                                */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=mds ideal,                     */
                          /* specifies PREFMAP ideal point after     */
                          /* the MDS.                                */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=corresp,                       */
                          /* specifies an ordinary correspondence    */
                          /* analysis.                               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=row,                           */
                          /* specifies a PROC CORRESP PROFILE=ROW    */
                          /* analysis.  Column points are plotted as */
                          /* vectors.                                */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=column,                        */
                          /* specifies a PROC CORRESP PROFILE=COLUMN */
                          /* analysis.  Row points are plotted as    */
                          /* vectors.                                */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=mca,                           */
                          /* specifies a multiple correspondence     */
                          /* analysis.                               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=vector ideal,                  */
                          /* both PREFMAP vectors and ideal points.  */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=curve,                         */
                          /* fit a curve through the scatterplot.    */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=curve2,                        */
                          /* fit a curve through the scatterplot     */
                          /* and try to make the labels avoid        */
                          /* overprinting the curve too.             */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=function,                      */
                          /* draws functions.  Typically, no labels  */
                          /* or symbols are drawn.  This option has  */
                          /* a similar effect to the PROC GPLOT      */
                          /* SYMBOL statement options I=JOIN V=NONE. */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* DATATYPE=contour,                       */
                          /* draws solid color contour plots.  See   */
                          /* the sample code above.                  */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* A number may be specified after the     */
                          /* name.  This is primarily useful for     */
                          /* biplot data sets produced by PRINQUAL   */
                          /* and PREFMAP data sets produced by PROC  */
                          /* TRANSREG.  This number specifies that   */
                          /* the lengths of vectors should be        */
                          /* changed by this amount.  The number     */
                          /* must be specified last.  Examples:      */
                          /* DATATYPE=mdpref 2,                      */
                          /* DATATYPE=mds vector 1.5.                */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* The primary purpose of the DATATYPE=    */
                          /* option is to provide an easy mechanism  */
                          /* for specifying defaults for the options */
                          /* in the next section (TYPEVAR= through   */
                          /* OUTWARD=).                              */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
options=,                 /* Binary options.  Specify zero, one or   */
                          /* more in any order.                      */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* nocenter - do not center.  By default,  */
                          /* when nocenter is not specified, VSIZE=  */
                          /* and HSIZE= are set to their maximum     */
                          /* values, and the VPOS= and HPOS= values  */
                          /* are increased accordingly.  The X and Y */
                          /* coordinates are increased to position   */
                          /* the plot in the center of the full      */
                          /* graphics area.                          */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* noclip - do not clip.  By default, when */
                          /* noclip is not specified, labels that    */
                          /* extend past the edges of the plot are   */
                          /* clipped.  Otherwise, do not clip.  This */
                          /* option will not absolutely prevent      */
                          /* labels from extending beyond the plot,  */
                          /* particularly when sizes are greater     */
                          /* than 1.                                 */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* textline - put text in the data set,    */
                          /* followed by lines, so lines overwrite   */
                          /* text.  Otherwise text overwrites lines. */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* square - uses the same ticks for both   */
                          /* axes and tries to make the plot square  */
                          /* by tinkering with the EXTEND= option.   */
                          /* Otherwise, ticks may be different.      */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* Defaults for these options are set by   */
                          /* the DATATYPE= option.  Normally, you    */
                          /* should use DATATYPE= instead of any of  */
                          /* these options.  If you do use these     */
                          /* options, specify a variable, in         */
                          /* TYPEVAR=, whose values distinguish the  */
                          /* observation types.  Specify the list of */
                          /* valid types in TYPES=.  Then specify    */
                          /* colors, fonts, sizes, and so on for the */
                          /* various observation types.              */
                          /* Alternatively, you can use these        */
                          /* options with DATATYPE=.  Specify lists  */
                          /* for just those label or symbol          */
                          /* characteristics you want to change, for */
                          /* example colors, fonts or sizes.         */
                          /*                                         */
typevar=,                 /* Variable that is looked at for the      */
                          /* observation types.  By default, this    */
                          /* will be _TYPE_ if it is in the input    */
                          /* data set.                               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* These next options specify lists that   */
                          /* are all related.  They specify how to   */
                          /* process the plot.  Observations are     */
                          /* distinguished by their values on the    */
                          /* TYPEVAR= variable, and each type of     */
                          /* observation can have a different color, */
                          /* size, symbol and so on.  Be aware that  */
                          /* your lists are added to internally.     */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* These next options consist of lists of  */
                          /* strings.  The lists do not all have to  */
                          /* have the same number of elements.  The  */
                          /* number of elements in TYPES= determines */
                          /* how many of the other list elements are */
                          /* used.  When an observation type does    */
                          /* not match one of the TYPE= values, the  */
                          /* results are the same as if the first    */
                          /* type was matched.  If one of the other  */
                          /* lists is shorter than the TYPES= list,  */
                          /* the shorter list is extended by adding  */
                          /* copies of the last element to the end.  */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* ***EMBEDDED BLANKS ARE NOT PERMITTED*** */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* IF YOU EMBED BLANKS, YOU WILL NOT GET   */
                          /* THE RIGHT RESULTS.                      */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Values of the TYPEVAR= variable are     */
                          /* compressed before they are used, so for */
                          /* example, an _TYPE_ value of 'M COEFFI'  */
                          /* must be specified as 'MCOEFFI'.         */
                          /*                                         */
types=,                   /* Observation types are usually values of */
                          /* a variable like _TYPE_.                 */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* ***EMBEDDED BLANKS ARE NOT PERMITTED*** */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Examples:                               */
                          /* TYPES='SCORE'                           */
                          /* TYPES='OBS' 'SUPOBS' 'VAR' 'SUPVAR'     */
                          /* TYPES='SCORE'                           */
                          /* TYPES='SCORE' 'MCOEFFI'                 */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* The order in which values are specified */
                          /* for the subsequent options depends on   */
                          /* the order of the types.  The default    */
                          /* types for various DATATYPE= values are  */
                          /* given next:                             */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* corresp: 'VAR' 'OBS' 'SUPVAR' 'SUPOBS'  */
                          /* row:     'VAR' 'OBS' 'SUPVAR' 'SUPOBS'  */
                          /* mca:     'VAR' 'OBS' 'SUPVAR' 'SUPOBS'  */
                          /* column:  'VAR' 'OBS' 'SUPVAR' 'SUPOBS'  */
                          /* mdpref:  'SCORE' 'CORR'                 */
                          /* vector:  'SCORE' 'MCOEFFI'              */
                          /* ideal:   'SCORE' 'MPOINT'               */
                          /* mds:     'SCORE' 'CONFIG'               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* For combinations, these lists are       */
                          /* combined in order, but without          */
                          /* repeating 'SCORE', for example:         */
                          /* mdpref vector ideal: 'SCORE' 'CORR'     */
                          /* 'MCOEFFI' 'MPOINT'.                     */
                          /*                                         */
symbols=,                 /* Plotting symbols.  Symbols may be more  */
                          /* than a single character.  You must      */
                          /* specify SYMLEN=n for longer lengths.    */
                          /* Blank symbols *MUST* be specified as '' */
                          /* with no embedded blanks.                */
                          /* Examples:                               */
                          /* SYMBOLS='*',                            */
                          /* SYMBOLS='**'                            */
                          /* SYMBOLS='*' '+' '*' ''                  */
                          /* SYMBOLS='NC' 'OH' 'NJ' 'NY'             */
                          /*                                         */
symtype=,                 /* Types of symbols.  Valid values are:    */
                          /* symbol, vector, circle.  Examples:      */
                          /* SYMTYPE='symbol'                        */
                          /* SYMTYPE='symbol' 'vector'               */
                          /* SYMTYPE='symbol' 'circle'               */
                          /*                                         */
symcol=,                  /* Colors of symbols.  The default list    */
                          /* is constructed from the COLORS= option. */
                          /* Examples:                               */
                          /* SYMCOL='red'                            */
                          /* SYMCOL='red' 'white' 'blue'             */
                          /*                                         */
symsize=,                 /* Sizes of symbol.                        */
                          /* Examples:                               */
                          /* SYMSIZE=1                               */
                          /* SYMSIZE=1 1.5                           */
                          /*                                         */
symfont=,                 /* Symbol fonts.  The font is ignored for  */
                          /* vectors with no symbols.  Examples:     */
                          /* SYMFONT='swiss'                         */
                          /* SYMFONT='swiss' 'swissi'                */
                          /*                                         */
labcol=,                  /* Colors for the label associated with    */
                          /* the symbol.  The default list is        */
                          /* constructed from the COLORS= option.    */
                          /* Examples:                               */
                          /* LABCOL='red'                            */
                          /* LABCOL='red' 'white' 'blue'             */
                          /*                                         */
labsize=,                 /* Sizes for the label associated with the */
                          /* symbol.  Examples:                      */
                          /* LABSIZE=1                               */
                          /* LABSIZE=1 1.5                           */
                          /* LABSIZE=1 0                             */
                          /*                                         */
labfont=,                 /* Fonts for the label associated with the */
                          /* symbol.  Examples:                      */
                          /* LABFONT='swiss'                         */
                          /* LABFONT='swiss' 'swissi'                */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
britypes=symbol,          /* Types to which BRIGHT= applies.         */
                          /*                                         */
rgbtypes=symbol,          /* Types to which PAINT=, RED=, GREEN=,    */
                          /* and BLUE= apply.                        */
                          /*                                         */
exttypes=vector,          /* Types to always put in the EXTRAOBS=    */
                          /* data set when they have blank labels.   */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
filepref=sasplot,         /* File name prefix.                       */
                          /*                                         */
plotfile=,                /* Name of file to store raw plot.  The    */
                          /* default name is constructed from the    */
                          /* FILEPREF= value and "plt" in a host     */
                          /* specific way.                           */
                          /*                                         */
post=,                    /* Graphics stream file name.  The default */
                          /* name is constructed from the FILEPREF=  */
                          /* value and "ps" in a host specific way.  */
                          /*                                         */
tempdat1=tempdat1,        /* Data set used to hold intermediate      */
                          /* results.                                */
                          /*                                         */
tempdat2=tempdat2,        /* Data set used to hold intermediate      */
                          /* results.                                */
                          /*                                         */
preproc=preproc,          /* Data set to contain the preprocessed    */
                          /* DATA= data set.                         */
                          /*                                         */
extraobs=extraobs,        /* Data set to contain the extra           */
                          /* observations that do not go through     */
                          /* PROC PLOT.                              */
                          /*                                         */
regdat=regdat,            /* Data set used to contain intermediate   */
                          /* regression results for curve fitting.   */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
procopts=nolegend,        /* PROC PLOT statement options.            */
                          /*                                         */
plotopts=,                /* PLOT statement options.  BOX will be    */
                          /* specified, even if you do not specify   */
                          /* it.  Reference lines should not be      */
                          /* specified using the PROC PLOT HREF= and */
                          /* VREF= options.  Instead, directly use   */
                          /* the macro options.                      */
                          /*                                         */
href=,                    /* Horizontal reference lines.  Specify a  */
                          /* DATA step DO list.                      */
                          /*                                         */
vref=,                    /* Vertical reference lines.  Specify a    */
                          /* DATA step DO list.                      */
                          /*                                         */
hminor=,                  /* Number of horizontal axis minor tick    */
                          /* marks between major tick marks.  A      */
                          /* typical value is 9.  The number cannot  */
                          /* be specified when HAXIS= is specified   */
                          /* with PLOTOPTS=.  Alternatively, specify */
                          /* a data step DO loop.  Note that with    */
                          /* log scaling, specify log10's of the     */
                          /* data values.  For example, HMINOR=0.25  */
                          /* to 5 by 0.25, with data ranging up to   */
                          /* 10**5.                                  */
                          /*                                         */
vminor=,                  /* Number of vertical axis minor tick      */
                          /* marks between major tick marks.  A      */
                          /* typical value is 9.  The number cannot  */
                          /* be specified when VAXIS= is specified   */
                          /* with PLOTOPTS=.  Alternatively, specify */
                          /* a data step DO loop.  Note that with    */
                          /* log scaling, specify log10's of the     */
                          /* data values.  For example, VMINOR=0.25  */
                          /* to 5 by 0.25, with data ranging up to   */
                          /* 10**5.                                  */
                          /*                                         */
label=,                   /* LABEL statement.  Note that specifying  */
                          /* the keyword LABEL is optional.          */
                          /* Abbreviation: LABEL=typical specifies   */
                          /* that a label statement be constructed   */
                          /* with 'Dimension' and the numeric suffix */
                          /* of the variable name, for example,      */
                          /* LABEL DIM1 = 'Dimension 1'              */
                          /*       DIM2 = 'Dimension 2';             */
                          /* when PLOTVARS=DIM2 DIM1.  LABEL=typical */
                          /* can only be used with variable names    */
                          /* that consist of a prefix and a numeric  */
                          /* suffix.                                 */
                          /*                                         */
place=2 search,           /* Generates a PLACEMENT= option for the   */
                          /* plot request.  Specify a nonnegative    */
                          /* integer.  Values greater than 13 are    */
                          /* set to 13.  As the value gets larger,   */
                          /* the procedure is given more freedom to  */
                          /* move the labels farther from the        */
                          /* symbols.  The generated placement list  */
                          /* will be printed in the log.  You can    */
                          /* still specify PLACEMENT= directly on    */
                          /* the PLOTOPTS= option.  This option just */
                          /* gives you a shorthand notation.         */
                          /* For example:                            */
                          /* PLACE=0 - placement=((s=center))        */
                          /* PLACE=1 - placement=(h=2 -2 : s=right   */
                          /* left) (v=1 * h=0 -1 to -2 by alt))      */
                          /* PLACE=2 - placement=(h=2 -2 : s=right   */
                          /* left) (v=1 -1 * h=0 -1 to -5 by alt))   */
                          /* PLACE=3 - placement=(h=2 -2 : s=right   */
                          /* left) (v=1 to 2 by alt * h=0 -1 to -10  */
                          /* by alt))                                */
                          /* PLACE=4 - placement=((h=2 -2 : s=right  */
                          /* left) (v=1 to 2 by alt * h=0 -1 to -10  */
                          /* by alt) (s=center right left * v=0 1 to */
                          /* 2 by alt * h=0 -1 to -6 by alt * l= 1   */
                          /* to 2))                                  */
                          /* and so on.                              */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* The PLACE= option, along with the LS=   */
                          /* option can be used to search for an     */
                          /* optimal placement list and an optimal   */
                          /* line size.  By default, the macro will  */
                          /* create and recreate the plot until it   */
                          /* avoids all collisions.  The search is   */
                          /* turned off when a PLACEMENT= option is  */
                          /* detected in the plot request or plot    */
                          /* options.                                */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* If search is not specified with PLACE=  */
                          /* or LS=, the specified value is fixed.   */
                          /* If search is specified with the other   */
                          /* option, only that option's value is     */
                          /* incremented in the search.              */
                          /*                                         */
ls=compute search,        /* Specifies how line sizes are generated. */
                          /* When the second word is "search", the   */
                          /* macro searches for an optimal line      */
                          /* size.  See the PLACE= option for more   */
                          /* information on searches.  When the      */
                          /* first word is "compute", the line size  */
                          /* is computed from the iteration number   */
                          /* so that the line sizes are:             */
                          /* 65 80 100 125 150 175 200.              */
                          /* Otherwise the first word is the first   */
                          /* linesize and with each iteration the    */
                          /* linesize is incremented by the LSINC=   */
                          /* amount.  Example: LS=65 search.         */
                          /*                                         */
maxiter=15,               /* Maximum number of iterations.           */
                          /*                                         */
maxokpen=0,               /* Maximum acceptable penalty sum.         */
                          /*                                         */
lsinc=15,                 /* Increment to line size in iterations    */
                          /* when line size is not computed.         */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
font=swiss,               /* Default font.                           */
                          /*                                         */
lsizes=1 1 1 1 1,         /* Line sizes (thicknesses) for frame,     */
                          /* ticks, vectors, circles, curves.        */
                          /*                                         */
tsize=1,                  /* Default text size.                      */
                          /*                                         */
ticklen=1.5,              /* Length of tick mark in horizontal       */
                          /* cells.  A negative value can be         */
                          /* specified to indicate that only half    */
                          /* ticks should be used, which means the   */
                          /* ticks run to but not across the axes.   */
                          /*                                         */
tickaxes=LRTBFlb,         /* Axes to draw tick marks.  Default:      */
                          /* TICKAXES=LRTBFlb, means major ticks on  */
                          /* left (L), right (R), top (T), and       */
                          /* bottom (B), and the full frame (F) is   */
                          /* to be drawn, and potentially minor tick */
                          /* marks on the left (l) and bottom (b).   */
                          /* Minor ticks on the right (r) and top    */
                          /* (t) can also be requested.  To just     */
                          /* have major tick marks on the left and   */
                          /* bottom axes, and no full frame, specify */
                          /* TICKAXES=LB.  Order and spacing do not  */
                          /* matter.  HMINOR= and VMINOR= must also  */
                          /* be specified to get minor ticks.        */
                          /*                                         */
extend=,                  /* This option is used to extend the X and */
                          /* Y axes beyond their default lengths.    */
                          /* Specify four values, for left, right,   */
                          /* top, and bottom.  Missing values are    */
                          /* set by the macro.  If the word 'close'  */
                          /* is specified somewhere in the string,   */
                          /* then macro moves the axes in close to   */
                          /* the extreme data values, and the        */
                          /* computed values are added to the        */
                          /* specified values (if any).  Sample      */
                          /* specifications:                         */
                          /* EXTEND=2 2, or EXTEND=3 3 -0.5 0.5.     */
                          /* Specifying a positive value n extends   */
                          /* the axis n positions in the indicated   */
                          /* direction.  Specifying a negative value */
                          /* shrinks the axis.  The defaults for     */
                          /* filled in for missing values are in the */
                          /* range -2 to 2, and are chosen in an     */
                          /* attempt to add a little extra           */
                          /* horizontal space and make equal the     */
                          /* extra space next to each of the four    */
                          /* extreme ticks.  When there is enough    */
                          /* space, the horizontal axis is slightly  */
                          /* extended by default to decrease the     */
                          /* chance of a label slightly extending    */
                          /* outside the plot.  PROC PLOT usually    */
                          /* puts one or two more lines on the top   */
                          /* of the plot than in the bottom.  The    */
                          /* macro tries to eliminate this           */
                          /* discrepancy.  This option does not add  */
                          /* any tick marks; it just extends or      */
                          /* shrinks the ends of the axis lines.  So */
                          /* typically, only small values should be  */
                          /* specified.  Be careful with this option */
                          /* and a positive MAKEFIT= value.          */
                          /*                                         */
offset=0.25,              /* Move symbols for coincident points      */
                          /* OFFSET= spaces up/down and left/right.  */
                          /* This helps with the resolution of       */
                          /* coincident symbols.  Specify a null     */
                          /* value (OFFSET=,) to turn off            */
                          /* offsetting.                             */
                          /*                                         */
interpol=yes,             /* Specifies the interpolation method.     */
                          /* The default, unless ls or no is         */
                          /* specified, is to interpolate symbol     */
                          /* locations, starting with least squares  */
                          /* but replacing them with tick-based      */
                          /* estimates when they are available.      */
                          /* ls - use the least-squares method only. */
                          /* Compute the mapping between data and    */
                          /* positions using OLS linear regression.  */
                          /* Usually, you should not specify         */
                          /* INTERPOL=ls because slight inaccuracies */
                          /* may result, producing esthetically      */
                          /* unappealing plots.                      */
                          /* tick - use tick mark method.  Compute   */
                          /* the slope and intercept using tick      */
                          /* marks and their values.  Tick marks are */
                          /* read using the TICKFOR= format.         */
                          /* no - do not interpolate.                */
                          /* hlog - x-axis is on a log scale.        */
                          /* vlog - y-axis is on a log scale.        */
                          /* This option makes the symbols, vectors, */
                          /* and circles map to the location they    */
                          /* would in a true graphical scatterplot,  */
                          /* not the cell locations from PROC PLOT.  */
                          /* This option has no effect on labels,    */
                          /* frame, reference lines, titles, or      */
                          /* ticks.  INTERPOL=no plots tend to look  */
                          /* nicer while INTERPOL=yes plots are      */
                          /* slightly more accurate.  Note that the  */
                          /* strategy used to interpolate can be     */
                          /* defeated in certain cases.  If the      */
                          /* horizontal axis tick values print       */
                          /* vertically, specify INTERPOL=ls.  The   */
                          /* hlog and vlog values are specified in   */
                          /* addition to the method.  For example,   */
                          /* INTERPOL=yes vlog hlog.                 */
                          /*                                         */
tickfor=32.,              /* Tick format used by INTERPOL=tick.      */
                          /* Change this if the tick values in the   */
                          /* PROC PLOT output cannot be read with    */
                          /* the default format, for example,        */
                          /* specify TICKFOR=date7., with dates.     */
                          /*                                         */
inc=,                     /* HAXIS=BY INC and VAXIS=BY INC values.   */
                          /* The specified increments apply to both  */
                          /* axes.  To individually control the      */
                          /* increments, you must specify the PROC   */
                          /* PLOT PLOT statement HAXIS= and VAXIS=   */
                          /* options on the PLOTOPTS= option.  When  */
                          /* you are plotting variables that have    */
                          /* very different scales, you may need to  */
                          /* independently specify appropriate tick  */
                          /* increments for both axes to get a       */
                          /* reasonable plot.  Here is an example:   */
                          /* PLOTOPTS=haxis=by 20 vaxis=by 5000.     */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* Note that the symbol and point label    */
                          /* colors are set by the LABCOL= and       */
                          /* SYMCOL= options.                        */
                          /*                                         */
color=cyan,               /* Default color, used when no other color */
                          /* is set.                                 */
                          /*                                         */
framecol=,                /* Color of frame, defaults to COLOR=.     */
                          /*                                         */
titlecol=,                /* Color of title, defaults to COLOR=.     */
                          /*                                         */
labelcol=,                /* Color of variable labels, defaults to   */
                          /* COLOR=.                                 */
                          /*                                         */
tickcol=,                 /* Color of ticks, defaults to COLOR=.     */
                          /*                                         */
curvecol=,                /* Color of curve, defaults to COLOR=.     */
                          /*                                         */
monochro=,                /* Overrides all other specified colors.   */
                          /* This option is useful when you have     */
                          /* specified colors and you want to        */
                          /* temporarily override them to send the   */
                          /* plot to a monochrome device.  By        */
                          /* default, this option has no effect.     */
                          /* Typical usage: MONOCHRO=black.          */
                          /*                                         */
bright=,                  /* Generate random label colors for        */
                          /* BRITYPES= values.  Normalize so         */
                          /* mean(red,green,blue) equals BRIGHT=.    */
                          /* The valid range is 5 <= BRIGHT <= 250.  */
                          /* 128 is a good value.  Small values will */
                          /* produce essentially black labels and    */
                          /* large values will produce essentially   */
                          /* white labels, and so should be avoided. */
                          /* null value - (BRIGHT=, the default)     */
                          /* means no random labels.                 */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* COLORS= specifies the default color     */
                          /* list for SYMCOL= and LABCOL=, which are */
                          /* other color options described in a      */
                          /* different section.                      */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
colors=blue red green cyan magenta orange gold lilac olive
purple brown gray rose violet salmon yellow,
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* These next options are used to create   */
                          /* label and symbol colors using some      */
                          /* function of input data set variables.   */
                          /* PAINT= gives you a simple and fairly    */
                          /* general way to interpolate.  RED=,      */
                          /* GREEN=, and BLUE= are used together for */
                          /* much other types of interpolations, but */
                          /* are still harder to use.  These options */
                          /* apply to RGBTYPES= observations.  If    */
                          /* RED=, GREEN=, and BLUE= are not         */
                          /* flexible enough, for example if you     */
                          /* need full statements, specify RED=128   */
                          /* (so later code will know you are        */
                          /* computing colors) then insert the full  */
                          /* statements you need to generate the     */
                          /* colors using ADJUST1=.                  */
                          /*                                         */
paint=,                   /* Used to interpolate between colors      */
                          /* based on the values of a variable.  The */
                          /* simplest specification is               */
                          /* PAINT=variable.  More generally,        */
                          /* specify: PAINT=variable                 */
                          /* optional-color-list                     */
                          /* optional-data-value-list.               */
                          /* The colors must be selected from: red,  */
                          /* green, blue, yellow, magenta, cyan,     */
                          /* black, white, orange, brown, gray,      */
                          /* olive, pink, purple, violet.  For other */
                          /* colors, specify the RGB color name      */
                          /* (XCrrggbb where rr is the red value, gg */
                          /* is the green, and bb is blue, all three */
                          /* specified in hex).  When a variable     */
                          /* name Z is specified with no other       */
                          /* arguments, the default is               */
                          /* PAINT=z blue magenta red.               */
                          /* PAINT=z red green 1 10, interpolates    */
                          /* between red and green, based on the     */
                          /* values of the variable z, where values  */
                          /* of 1 or less map to red, values of 10   */
                          /* or more map to green, and values in     */
                          /* between map to colors in between.       */
                          /* PAINT=z red yellow green 1 5 10,        */
                          /* interpolates between red at Z=1, yellow */
                          /* at Z=5, and green at Z=10.  If the data */
                          /* value list is omitted it is computed    */
                          /* from the data.                          */
                          /*                                         */
rgbround=-240 1 1 1,      /* Rounding factors used for the PAINT=    */
                          /* variable and RGB values.  The first     */
                          /* value is used to round the PAINT=var    */
                          /* variable.  Specify a positive value to  */
                          /* have the variable rounded to multiples  */
                          /* of that value.  Specify a negative      */
                          /* value n to have a maximum of abs(n)     */
                          /* colors.  For the other three values,    */
                          /* specify positive values.  The last      */
                          /* three are rounding factors for the red, */
                          /* green, and blue component of the color. */
                          /* If more than 256 colors are generated,  */
                          /* you will get the error that a color was */
                          /* not added because the color table is    */
                          /* full.  By default, when a value is      */
                          /* missing, there is no rounding.          */
                          /* Rounding the PAINT= variable is useful  */
                          /* with contour plots.                     */
                          /*                                         */
red=,                     /* Specify for RED=, GREEN=, and BLUE=     */
green=,                   /* arithmetic expressions that produce     */
blue=,                    /* integers in the range 0 to 256.  Colors */
                          /* will be created as follows:             */
                          /* __color =                               */
                          /* 'CX' || put(%if &red ne %then           */
                          /* round(&red,__roured); %else 128;        */
                          /* ,hex2.) || put(%if &green ne %then      */
                          /* round(&green,__rougre); %else 128;,     */
                          /* hex2.) || put(%if &blue ne %then        */
                          /* round(&blue,__roublu); %else 128;       */
                          /* ,hex2.);                                */
                          /* Where the __rou variables are extracted */
                          /* from RGBROUND=.  Example:               */
                          /* RED = min(100 + (z - 10) * 3, 255),     */
                          /* BLUE=50, GREEN=50.                      */
                          /* Then all labels are various shades of   */
                          /* red, depending on the value of z.       */
                          /* Be aware that light colors (small red-  */
                          /* green-blue values) do not show up well  */
                          /* on white backgrounds and dark colors do */
                          /* not show up well on dark backgrounds,   */
                          /* so typically, you will not want to use  */
                          /* the full range of possible              */
                          /* red-green-blue values.  The computed    */
                          /* value was minned with 255 so that if a  */
                          /* larger value is computed, it will not   */
                          /* go over 255 and effectively become      */
                          /* mod(red,255).                           */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* You can use the adjust options to add   */
                          /* full SAS data step statements to        */
                          /* strategic places in the macro, such as  */
                          /* the PROC PLOT step, the end of the      */
                          /* preprocessing and last full data steps  */
                          /* to do minor adjustments before the      */
                          /* final plot is produced.                 */
                          /*                                         */
adjust1=,                 /* The following variables are created in  */
                          /* the preprocessing data set:             */
                          /* __lsize  - label size                   */
                          /* __lfont  - label font                   */
                          /* __lcolor - label color                  */
                          /* __ssize  - symbol size                  */
                          /* __sfont  - symbol font                  */
                          /* __scolor - symbol color                 */
                          /* __stype  - symbol type                  */
                          /* __symbol - symbol value                 */
                          /* __otype  - observation type             */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Use ADJUST1= to adjust these variables  */
                          /* in the preprocessing data set from      */
                          /* their usual values.  You must specify   */
                          /* complete statements with semicolons.    */
                          /* Examples:                               */
                          /* ADJUST1=%str(__lsize = mysize;          */
                          /* __lcolor = mycolor;)                    */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* adjust1=%str(if z > 20 then do;         */
                          /* __scolor = 'green'; __lcolor = 'green'; */
                          /* end;))                                  */
                          /*                                         */
adjust2=,                 /* This option can be used to include      */
                          /* statements with PROC PLOT such as       */
                          /* FORMAT statements.  Just specify the    */
                          /* full statement.                         */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Use ADJUST3= and ADJUST4= to adjust the */
                          /* final Annotate data set.  For example,  */
                          /* in swiss fonts asterisks are not        */
                          /* vertically centered when printed, so    */
                          /* ADJUST3= provides a default adjustment. */
                          /*                                         */
adjust3=%str(if text = '*' and function = 'LABEL' then do;
                style = ' '; text = 'star'; function = 'SYMBOL'; end;),
                          /*                                         */
adjust4=,                 /* ADJUST4 can add additional adjustments. */
                          /* If you add new variables to the data    */
                          /* set, you must also include a KEEP       */
                          /* statement.  Here is an example of using */
                          /* ADJUST4= to vertically print the y-axis */
                          /* label, like it would be in PROC PLOT.   */
                          /* adjust4=%str(if angle = 90 then do;     */
                          /*                 angle = 270;            */
                          /*                 rotate = 90;            */
                          /*                 keep rotate;            */
                          /*                 end;)                   */
                          /* This example changes the size of title  */
                          /* lines. adjust4=%str(if index(comment,   */
                          /* 'title') then size = 2;)                */
                          /*                                         */
adjust5=,                 /* Adds extra statements to the final      */
                          /* data step that is used only for         */
                          /* DATATYPE=function.   For example, to    */
                          /* periodically mark the function with     */
                          /* plusses, specify: ADJUST5=%str(         */
                          /* if mod(_n_,30) = 0 then do; size=0.25;  */
                          /* function = 'LABEL'; text = '+'; output; */
                          /* end;)                                   */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
antiidea=,                /* Eliminate PREFMAP anti-ideal points.    */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* null value - (ANTIIDEA=, the default) - */
                          /* do nothing.                             */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* 1 - reverse in obs whose _TYPE_         */
                          /* contains 'POINT' when _ISSQ_ > 0.       */
                          /* Specify ANTIIDEA=1 with DATATYPE=ideal  */
                          /* when large data values are positive     */
                          /* or ideal.                               */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* -1 - reverse in obs whose _TYPE_        */
                          /* contains 'POINT' when _ISSQ_ < 0.       */
                          /* Specify ANTIIDEA=-1 with DATATYPE=ideal */
                          /* when small data values are positive     */
                          /* or ideal.                               */
                          /*                                         */
radii=%str(1, 2),         /* Radii of circles (data step do list).   */
                          /* The unit corresponds to the horizontal  */
                          /* axis variable.                          */
                          /*                                         */
cirsegs=.1,               /* A circle smoothness parameter used in   */
                          /* determining the number of line segments */
                          /* in each circle.  Smaller values create  */
                          /* smoother circles.  The CIRSEGS= value   */
                          /* is approximately related to the length  */
                          /* of the line segments that compose the   */
                          /* circle.                                 */
                          /*                                         */
vechead=0.2 0.05,         /* How to draw vector heads.  For example, */
                          /* VECHEAD=0.2 0.05, specifies draw a head */
                          /* consisting of two hypotenuses from      */
                          /* triangles with sides 0.2 units long     */
                          /* along the vector and 0.05 units on the  */
                          /* side perpendicular to the vector.       */
                          /*                                         */
outward=,                 /* String for the PLOT statement OUTWARD=  */
                          /* option.  Normally, this option's value  */
                          /* is constructed from the symbol that     */
                          /* holds the place for vectors.  Specify   */
                          /* OUTWARD=none if you want to not have    */
                          /* OUTWARD= specified for vectors:         */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
regopts=,                 /* TRANSREG options for curve fitting.     */
                          /* These are specified after the slash in  */
                          /* the functional specification for the    */
                          /* independent variable.  Example:         */
                          /* REGOPTS=nkn=10 evenly.                  */
                          /*                                         */
nknots=,                  /* TRANSREG number of knots option.        */
                          /*                                         */
regprint=noprint,         /* PROC TRANSREG PROC statement options,   */
                          /* typically printing options such as:     */
                          /* NOPRINT - no regression printed output, */
                          /* SS2     - regression results,           */
                          /* SHORT   - suppress iteration histories. */
                          /* To see the regression table, specify:   */
                          /* REGPRINT=SS2 SHORT.                     */
                          /*                                         */
regfun=spline,            /* Function for curve fitting.  Possible   */
                          /* values include LINEAR, SPLINE, MSPLINE, */
                          /* MONOTONE.                               */
                          /*                                         */
cursegs=200,              /* Number of segments in a curve.          */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
debug=time,               /* vars   - print macro options and macro  */
                          /*          variables for debugging.       */
                          /* dprint - print intermediate data sets.  */
                          /* notes  - do not specify OPTIONS NONOTES */
                          /*          during most of the macro.      */
                          /* time   - prints total macro run time.   */
                          /* mprint - run with OPTIONS MPRINT.       */
                          /* Concatenate names for more than one     */
                          /* type of debugging.  Example:            */
                          /* DEBUG=vars dprint notes time mprint.    */
                          /*-----------------------------------------*/
                          /* Normally, you should not specify any    */
                          /* options from this section.  The macro   */
                          /* has or chooses suitable defaults.       */
                          /*                                         */
vtoh=2,                   /* PROC PLOT VTOH= option.  Do not specify */
                          /* values much different than 2,           */
                          /* especially by default when you are      */
                          /* using proportional fonts.  There is no  */
                          /* one-to-one correspondence between       */
                          /* characters and cells and character      */
                          /* widths vary, but characters tend to be  */
                          /* approximately half as wide as they are  */
                          /* high.  When you specify VTOH= values    */
                          /* larger than 2, near-by labels may       */
                          /* overlap, even when they do not collide  */
                          /* in the printer plot.  A null value can  */
                          /* be specified, VTOH=, when you want the  */
                          /* macro to just fill the window, like a   */
                          /* typical GPLOT.                          */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* Smaller values give you more lines and  */
                          /* smaller labels.  VTOH=1.75 is a good    */
                          /* alternative to VTOH=2 when you need     */
                          /* more lines to avoid collisions.         */
                          /* VTOH=1.75 means 7 columns for each 4    */
                          /* rows between ticks (7 / 4 = 1.75).      */
                          /* VTOH=2 means the plot will have 8       */
                          /* columns for each 4 rows between ticks.  */
                          /* Note that PROC PLOT sometimes takes     */
                          /* this value as a "hint," not a           */
                          /* specification so the actual value may   */
                          /* be slightly different, particularly     */
                          /* when a value other than 2.0 is          */
                          /* specified.  This is generally not a     */
                          /* problem; the macro adjusts accordingly. */
                          /*                                         */
makefit=-0.95,            /* Proportion of graphics window to use.   */
                          /* When the MAKEFIT= is negative, the      */
                          /* absolute value will be used, and the    */
                          /* final value may be changed if the macro */
                          /* thinks part of the plot may extend over */
                          /* the edge.  When a positive value is     */
                          /* specified, it will not be changed by    */
                          /* the macro.  When nonnull, the macro     */
                          /* uses GASK to determine the minimum and  */
                          /* maximum graphics window sizes and makes */
                          /* sure the plot can fit in them.  The     */
                          /* macro uses GOPPRINT= or GOPPLOT= to     */
                          /* determine the device.                   */
                          /*                                         */
unit=in,                  /* HSIZE=, VSIZE=, unit: in or cm.         */
                          /*                                         */
                          /* If you specify just the HSIZE= or the   */
                          /* VSIZE= but not both, you can control    */
                          /* the absolute size of one axis and the   */
                          /* size of the other axis will be scaled   */
                          /* accordingly.                            */
                          /*                                         */
hsize=,                   /* Horizontal graphics area size in UNIT=  */
                          /* units.  The default is the maximum size */
                          /* for the device.  By default when        */
                          /* OPTIONS=nocenter is not specified,      */
                          /* HSIZE= affects the size of the plot but */
                          /* not the HSIZE= GOPTION.  When           */
                          /* OPTIONS=nocenter is specified, HSIZE=   */
                          /* affects both the plot size and the      */
                          /* HSIZE= GOPTION.                         */
                          /*                                         */
vsize=,                   /* Vertical graphics area size in UNIT=    */
                          /* units.  The default is the maximum size */
                          /* for the device.  By default when        */
                          /* OPTIONS=nocenter is not specified,      */
                          /* VSIZE= affects the size of the plot but */
                          /* not the VSIZE= GOPTION.  When           */
                          /* OPTIONS=nocenter is specified, VSIZE=   */
                          /* affects both the plot size and the      */
                          /* VSIZE= GOPTION.                         */
                          /*                                         */
xmax=,                    /* Maximum horizontal size of the graphics */
                          /* area.                                   */
                          /*                                         */
ymax=,                    /* Maximum vertical size of the graphics   */
                          /* area.                                   */
                          /*                                         */
hpos=,                    /* Horizontal positions in graphics area.  */
                          /*                                         */
vpos=,                    /* Vertical positions in graphics area.    */
                          /*                                         */
ps=,                      /* Page size.                              */
                          /*                                         */
);                        /*-----------------------------------------*/

*=========================initial macro stuff=========================;

%if not %index(%nrbquote(&debug),notes) %then %str(options nonotes;);
%let abort = 0;

*------store starting time, initialize a few variables-------;
data _null_;
   time = time();
   call symput('start',compress(put(time,best15.)));
   length debug $ 40;
   debug = symget('debug');
   call symput('dbyes'   ,compress(put(index(debug,'vars')  ,3.)));
   call symput('dbprint' ,compress(put(index(debug,'dprint'),3.)));
   call symput('dbtime'  ,compress(put(index(debug,'time')  ,3.)));
   call symput('dbmprint',compress(put(index(debug,'mprint'),3.)));
   call symput('singular','1e-8');
   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;
%if &dbmprint %then %str(options mprint;);
%let red  = %nrbquote(&red);  %let green = %nrbquote(&green);
%let blue = %nrbquote(&blue); %let gout  = %nrbquote(&gout);

%if &dbyes %then
   %dump(method gopprint gopplot gopts2 gopts data out gout plotvars
         labelvar symvar symlen datatype options typevar types symbols
         symtype symcol symsize symfont labcol labsize labfont britypes
         rgbtypes exttypes filepref plotfile post tempdat1 tempdat2
         preproc extraobs regdat procopts plotopts href vref hminor
         vminor label place ls maxiter maxokpen lsinc font lsizes tsize
         ticklen tickaxes extend offset interpol tickfor inc color
         framecol titlecol labelcol tickcol curvecol monochro bright
         colors paint rgbround red green blue adjust1 adjust2 adjust3
         adjust4 adjust5 antiidea radii cirsegs vechead outward regopts
         nknots regprint regfun cursegs debug vtoh makefit unit hsize
         vsize xmax ymax hpos vpos ps abort start dbyes dbprint dbtime
         dbmprint singular abort);

*------store current linesize and pagesize to restore later------;
proc sql noprint;
   select setting into :restorls from dictionary.options
          where optname = 'LINESIZE';
   select setting into :restorps from dictionary.options
          where optname = 'PAGESIZE';
   quit;

%if &restorps < 500 %then %let logps = %eval(&restorps + 1);
%else %let logps = 500;
%if &logps < 20 %then %let logps = 20;

*------start parameter checking, initialization------;
%if %length(%nrbquote(&types))   > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&symbols))  > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&symcol))   > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&symtype))  > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&symsize))  > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&symfont))  > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&labsize))  > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&labcol))   > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&plotopts)) > 200 or
   %length(%nrbquote(&labfont))  > 200 %then %do;
   %put ERROR: A list is more than 200 characters.;
   %dump(TYPES SYMBOLS SYMCOL SYMTYPE SYMSIZE SYMFONT
         LABSIZE LABCOL PLOTOPTS LABFONT)
   %let abort = 1;
   %goto endit;
   %end;

*------initialization------;
data _null_;
   file log ps=&logps;
   length data f1-f7 $ 20 name $ 8 datatype $ 200 plotvars $ 24;

   ok = 1;

   *------initialize some macro variables------;
   call symput('allblank','1');                /* all labels blank    */
   call symput('botblank','0');                /* symbol and lab blank*/
   call symput('nlines'  ,'0');                /* last line of plot   */
   call symput('symnumer','0');                /* character symvar    */
   call symput('typenum' ,'0');                /* character typevar   */
   call symput('search'  ,' ');                /* ls, place search    */
   call symput('actualls','-1');               /* actual line size    */
   call symput('symdummy','#');                /* vector, curve sym   */
   call symput('paintmin','.');                /* paint variable min  */
   call symput('paintmax','.');                /* paint variable max  */
   call symput('paintnum','0');                /* num of paint colors */
   call symput('looklist','0');                /* look for listing    */
   call symput('listtitl','*** Wrapped Listing of Point Locations ***');

   *------set vector scale factor------;
   datatype = upcase(symget('datatype')); name = ' ';
   do i = 5 to 2 by -1;
      if name = ' ' then name = scan(datatype,i,' ');
      end;
   if name = ' ' or nmiss(input(name,?? 32.)) then name = '1';
   call symput('biplot',trim(name));

   *------make sure there are input data------;
   data = symget('data');
   if data in (' ' '_last_') then do;
      data = "&syslast"; call symput('data',trim(data));
      end;
   if lowcase(data) = '_null_' then do;
      put 'ERROR: No input data set.';
      ok = 0;
      end;

   *------some options cannot have null values------;
   if symget('filepref') = ' ' then call symput('filepref','sasplot');
   if symget('out')      = ' ' then call symput('out'     ,'anno');
   if symget('tempdat1') = ' ' then call symput('tempdat1','tempdat1');
   if symget('tempdat2') = ' ' then call symput('tempdat2','tempdat2');
   if symget('regdat')   = ' ' then call symput('regdat'  ,'regdat');
   if symget('preproc')  = ' ' then call symput('preproc' ,'preproc');
   if symget('extraobs') = ' ' then call symput('extraobs','extraobs');
   if symget('radii')    = ' ' then call symput('radii'   ,'1, 2');
   if symget('cirsegs')  = ' ' then call symput('cirsegs' ,'.1');
   if symget('cursegs')  = ' ' then call symput('cursegs' ,'200');
   if symget('maxiter')  = ' ' then call symput('maxiter' ,'15');
   if symget('lsinc')    = ' ' then call symput('lsinc'   ,'15');
   if symget('place')    = ' ' then call symput('place'   ,'2 search');
   if symget('symlen')   = ' ' then call symput('symlen'  ,'1');
   if symget('ls')       = ' ' then call symput('ls','compute search');
   if symget('maxokpen') = ' ' then call symput('maxokpen','0');
   if symget('ticklen')  = ' ' then call symput('ticklen' ,'1.5');
   if symget('tickfor')  = ' ' then call symput('tickfor' ,'32.');

   *------always use a formchar------;
   call symput('procopts',
               trim(symget('procopts')) || " formchar='|----|+|---'");

   *------was TYPES= specified?------;
   call symput('typespec',put(symget('types') ne ' ',1.));

   *------set default plotvars------;
   plotvars = symget('plotvars');
   if plotvars = ' ' then do;
      if index(datatype,'MDS') or index(datatype,'MCA') or
         index(datatype,'ROW') or index(datatype,'COLUMN') or
         index(datatype,'CORRESP') then plotvars = 'dim2 dim1';
      else if datatype ne ' ' and not index(datatype,'FUNCTION') and
         not index(datatype,'CURVE') and not index(datatype,'CONTOUR')
         then plotvars = 'prin2 prin1';
      call symput('plotvars',trim(plotvars));
      end;

   *------check for conflicting data set names------;
   f1 = left(upcase(symget('data')));
   f2 = left(upcase(symget('out')));
   f3 = left(upcase(symget('tempdat1')));
   f4 = left(upcase(symget('tempdat2')));
   f5 = left(upcase(symget('preproc')));
   f6 = left(upcase(symget('extraobs')));
   f7 = left(upcase(symget('regdat')));
   opts = 'DATA OUT TEMPDAT1 TEMPDAT2 PREPROC EXTRAOBS REGDAT';

   array f[7] f1-f7;

   do i = 1 to 7;
      if f[i] =: 'WORK.' then f[i] = substr(f[i],6);
      do j = 1 to (i - 1);
         if f[i] = f[j] then do;
            oi = scan(opts,i,' ');
            oj = scan(opts,j,' ');
            put 'ERROR: Data sets ' oi +(-1) '=' f[i]
                'and ' oj +(-1) '=' f[j] 'must be different.';
            if oj = 'DATA'
               then put 'WARNING: You may have not specified DATA=.';
            ok = 0;
            end;
         end;
      end;

   if not ok or _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------store input data set variable names------;
proc contents data=&data noprint out=&tempdat1;
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %do; %let abort = 1; %goto endit; %end;

proc sort data=&tempdat1(keep=varnum type name);
   by varnum;
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %do; %let abort = 1; %goto endit; %end;

%if &dbprint %then %do;
   proc print data=&tempdat1;
      title3 "&tempdat1 - temporary data set, proc contents results";
      run;
   title3;
   %end;

*------look for the type variable, plot variables------;
data _null_;
   file log ps=&logps;

   length tvname vplotvar hplotvar $ 8 datatype $ 200;
   retain tvname vplotvar hplotvar datatype ' ' ok 1;

   if _n_ = 1 then do;
      datatype = upcase(symget('datatype'));
      call symput('function',compress(put(index(datatype,
                                                'FUNCTION'),3.)));
      tvname   = upcase(symget('typevar'));
      vplotvar = upcase(scan(symget('plotvars'),1));
      hplotvar = upcase(scan(symget('plotvars'),2));
      end;

   set &tempdat1 end=eof;

   if name = tvname or (tvname = ' ' and name = '_TYPE_') then do;
      if tvname = ' ' then call symput('typevar','_type_');
      if (type = 1) then call symput('typenum','1');
      end;

   *------plotting variables must be numeric------;
   if (name = hplotvar or name = vplotvar) and type = 2 then do;
      put 'ERROR: PLOTVARS=' name 'must be numeric.';
      ok = 0;
      end;

   *------set default plotting variables if not set yet------;
   if type = 1 then do;
      if      hplotvar = ' ' then hplotvar = name;
      else if vplotvar = ' ' then vplotvar = name;
      end;

   *------at end, output results------;
   if eof then do;
      call symput('vplotvar',trim(vplotvar));
      call symput('hplotvar',trim(hplotvar));
      call symput('plotvars',trim(hplotvar) || ' ' || trim(vplotvar));
      name = 'A' || vplotvar;
      call symput('appvar1',trim(name));

      if vplotvar = ' ' or hplotvar = ' ' then do;
         put 'ERROR: Not enough variables to plot.';
         ok = 0;
         end;

      end;

   if not ok or _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------generate TYPES= list from data?------;
%if (&function or %nrbquote(&datatype) = ) and
   (not &typespec) and &typevar ne %then %do;

   proc freq data=&data noprint order=data;
      tables &typevar / out=&tempdat2;
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %do; %let abort = 1; %goto endit; %end;

   %if &dbprint %then %do;
      proc print data=&tempdat2;
         title3 "&tempdat2 - temporary data set - proc freq results";
         run;
      title3;
      %end;

   data _null_;
      set &tempdat2 end=eof;
      length __list $ 200;
      retain __list;

      __list = trim(__list) || ' ' || compress(
               %if &typenum %then put(&typevar,best12.);
               %else &typevar;);

      if eof then call symput('types',trim(left(__list)));
      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;
   %if &abort %then %goto endit;
   %end;

*------preliminary preprocessing that changes the data------;
data &preproc;
   set &data end=eof;

   if eof then call symput('nobs',compress(put(_n_,best12.)));
   if n(&vplotvar,&hplotvar) = 2;

   *------eliminate anti-ideal points------;
   %if &antiidea ne %then %do;
      if index(&typevar,'POINT') then do;
         if n(_issq_) and ((&antiidea >  0 and _issq_ > 0) or
            (&antiidea <= 0 and _issq_ < 0)) then do;
            &vplotvar = -(&vplotvar);
            %if &hplotvar ne &vplotvar %then %do;
               &hplotvar = -(&hplotvar);
               %end;
            end;
         end;
      %end;

   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------more initializations------;
data _null_;
   file log ps=&logps;

   length name symvar $ 8
          color framecol titlecol labelcol tickcol
          curvecol monochro font size name1-name2 $ 12
          word $ 24
          list list2 symbols symcol symtype
          symfont labcol labfont datatype $ 200;

   array dts[14] corresp mca row column mdpref mdpref2 vector
         ideal mds curve curve2 function contour scatter;

   *------11 lists, 8 single-element lists------;
   listn = 21; listm = 10; listo = 18;
   array vars[21] $ types colors symbols symcol symtype
         symfont symsize labcol labfont labsize
         color framecol titlecol labelcol tickcol curvecol
         monochro font britypes rgbtypes exttypes;

   ok = 1;

   *------check method------;
   name = symget('method');
   word = compress(name,' 2');
   if not (word in ('gplot' 'print' 'plot' 'none')) then do;
      put "ERROR: METHOD=" name "is not valid.";
      ok = 0;
      end;
   else call symput('method',trim(word));

   *------convert binary options ------;
   list = lowcase(symget('options'));
   call symput('center'  ,put(index(list,'nocenter') = 0,1.));
   call symput('clip'    ,put(index(list,'noclip')   = 0,1.));
   call symput('linetext',put(index(list,'textline') = 0,1.));
   call symput('square'  ,put(index(list,'square')   > 0,1.));
   list2 = 'nocenter noclip textline square';
   do i = 1 to 4;
      word = scan(list2,i); j = index(list,trim(word));
      if j then substr(list,j,length(word)) = ' ';
      end;
   if list ne ' ' then do;
      put 'ERROR: The following options are not recognized: '
         list +(-1) '.';
      ok = 0;
      end;


   *------check INTERPOL=------;
   list = symget('interpol');
   call symput('intrtick',put((index(list,'tick') or not
               (index(list,'ls') or index(list,'no'))),1.));
   call symput('intrls'  ,put((index(list,'ls') or
                               not index(list,'no')),1.));
   call symput('hlogscal',put((index(list,'hlog') > 0),1.));
   call symput('vlogscal',put((index(list,'vlog') > 0),1.));

   *------trim parameters from sql------;
   call symput('restorls',compress(symget('restorls')));
   call symput('restorps',compress(symget('restorps')));

   *------parse the datatype= option------;
   datatype = upcase(symget('datatype'));

   do i = 1 to 14;
      call vname(dts[i],name);
      dts[i] = (index(datatype,trim(name)) ne 0);
      call symput(name,compress(put(dts[i],5.)));
      end;

   *------get the lists that must be quoted------;
   do i = 1 to listn;
      call vname(vars[i],name);
      vars[i] = symget(name);
      end;

   *-----make sure these are set------;
   if font = ' ' then font = 'swiss';
   tsize = symget('tsize');
   if tsize = ' ' then do;
      tsize = '1'; call symput('tsize','1');
      end;

   *------count the number of types------;
   ntypes = 0; word = scan(types,1,' ');
   do while(word ne ' ');
      ntypes = ntypes + 1; word = scan(types,ntypes + 1, ' ');
      end;

   *------process datatype= option------;
   if datatype ne ' ' then do;

      if contour then do;
         symbols  = trim(symbols)  || ' U';
         symtype  = trim(symtype)  || ' contour';
         symsize  = trim(symsize)  || ' 1.25';
         symfont  = trim(symfont)  || ' marker';
         labsize  = trim(labsize)  || ' ' || tsize;
         labfont  = trim(labfont)  || ' ' || font;
         rgbtypes = trim(rgbtypes) || ' contour';
         exttypes = trim(exttypes) || ' contour';
         if input(symget('symlen'),?? 32.) < 3
            then call symput('symlen','3');
         ntypes = ntypes + 1;
         end;

      if corresp or row or mca or column then do;
         types  = trim(types) || ' VAR OBS SUPVAR SUPOBS';
         ntypes = ntypes + 4;
         if row then do;
            symtype = trim(symtype) || ' vector symbol symbol symbol';
            symbols = trim(symbols) || " '' * * *";
            end;
         else if column then do;
            symtype = trim(symtype) || ' symbol vector symbol symbol';
            symbols = trim(symbols) || " * '' * *";
            end;
         else do;
            symtype = trim(symtype) || ' symbol symbol symbol symbol';
            symbols = trim(symbols) || ' * * * *';
            end;

         symsize = trim(symsize) || repeat(' ' || trim(tsize),3);
         symfont = trim(symfont) || repeat(' ' || trim(font) ,3);
         labsize = trim(labsize) || repeat(' ' || trim(tsize),3);
         labfont = trim(labfont) || repeat(' ' || trim(font) ,3);
         end;

      else if datatype ne ' ' then do;
         types   = trim(types)   || ' SCORE';
         symbols = trim(symbols) || ' *';
         symtype = trim(symtype) || ' symbol';
         symsize = trim(symsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         symfont = trim(symfont) || ' ' || font;
         labsize = trim(labsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         labfont = trim(labfont) || ' ' || font;
         ntypes  = ntypes + 1;
         end;

      if function then do;
         name = symget('labelvar');
         if name = ' ' then call symput('labelvar','_blank_');
         name = symget('symvar');
         if name = ' ' then put 'WARNING: Null symbol variable '
            'specified with DATATYPE=function.';
         end;

      if mdpref then do;
         types   = trim(types)   || ' CORR';
         symbols = trim(symbols) || " ''";
         symtype = trim(symtype) || ' vector';
         symsize = trim(symsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         symfont = trim(symfont) || ' ' || trim(font) || 'i';
         labfont = trim(labfont) || ' ' || trim(font) || 'i';
         size    = compress(put(input(tsize,?? 32.) * 0.75,best8.));
         if mdpref2
            then labsize = trim(labsize) || ' ' || size;
            else labsize = trim(labsize) || ' 0';
         ntypes  = ntypes + 1;
         end;

      size = compress(put(input(tsize,?? 32.) * 1.5,best8.));

      if vector then do;
         types   = trim(types)   || ' MCOEFFI';
         symbols = trim(symbols) || " ''";
         symtype = trim(symtype) || ' vector';
         symsize = trim(symsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         symfont = trim(symfont) || ' ' || trim(font) || 'i';
         labsize = trim(labsize) || ' ' || size;
         labfont = trim(labfont) || ' ' || trim(font) || 'i';
         ntypes  = ntypes + 1;
         end;

      if ideal then do;
         types   = trim(types)   || ' MPOINT';
         symbols = trim(symbols) || ' +';
         symtype = trim(symtype) || ' circle';
         symsize = trim(symsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         symfont = trim(symfont) || ' ' || trim(font) || 'i';
         labsize = trim(labsize) || ' ' || size;
         labfont = trim(labfont) || ' ' || trim(font) || 'i';
         ntypes  = ntypes + 1;
         end;

      if mds then do;
         types   = trim(types)   || ' CONFIG';
         symbols = trim(symbols) || ' *';
         symtype = trim(symtype) || ' symbol';
         symsize = trim(symsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         symfont = trim(symfont) || ' ' || font;
         labsize = trim(labsize) || ' ' || tsize;
         labfont = trim(labfont) || ' ' || font;
         ntypes  = ntypes + 1;
         end;

      if not curve and not function and symget('label') = ' '
         then call symput('label','typical');

      end;

   *------set colors------;
   if color    = ' ' then color    = 'cyan';
   if colors   = ' ' then colors   = color;
   if framecol = ' ' then framecol = color;
   if titlecol = ' ' then titlecol = color;
   if labelcol = ' ' then labelcol = color;
   if tickcol  = ' ' then tickcol  = color;
   if curvecol = ' ' then curvecol = color;
   if symtype  = ' ' then symtype  = 'symbol';
   if symsize  = ' ' then symsize  = tsize;
   if symfont  = ' ' then symfont  = font;
   if labsize  = ' ' then labsize  = tsize;
   if labfont  = ' ' then labfont  = font;
   if symbols  = ' ' then symbols  = '*';

   labcol = trim(labcol) || ' ' || colors;
   symcol = trim(symcol) || ' ' || colors;

   if types  = ' ' then do;
      types  = "''"; ntypes = ntypes + 1;
      end;

   *------output number of observation types------;
   call symput('ntypes',compress(put(ntypes,5.)));

   *------output lists, make sure they are quoted------;
   do i = 1 to listn;
      if i > listm then ntypes = 1;
      if i > listo then ntypes = 200;
      link qlist;
      end;

   *------set default symbol variable------;
   symvar = symget('symvar');

   *------check for constant symvar with vectors------;
   symcon = (symvar = ' ' or (compress(symvar,"'"||'"') ne symvar));
   call symput('symcon',put(symcon,1.)); /* constant symbol? */
   if symcon and index(symtype,'vector') then do;
      put 'ERROR: Constant SYMVAR= is not allowed with vectors.';
      ok = 0;
      end;

   *------parse RGBROUND= option------;
   list = symget('rgbround'); list2 = ' ';
   do i = 1 to 4;
      name = scan(list, i, ' ');
      num  = input(name, ?? 32.);
      if nmiss(num) then num = .;
      if i > 1 and num <= 0 then num = 1;
      list2 = trim(list2) || ' ' || compress(put(num,best8.));
      end;
   call symput('rgbround',trim(left(list2)));

   *------anything specified for the PAINT= option?------;
   list  = left(symget('paint'));
   name1 = scan(list,1,' ');
   call symput('paintvar',trim(name1));

   *------parse PAINT= option------;
   if list ne ' ' then do;

      *------count list elements------;
      do n = 2 to 200 until(name2 = ' ');
         name2 = scan(list,n,' ');
         if n(input(name2,?? 32.)) then name2 = ' ';
         end;
      n = n - 2;

      *------set default, when only a variable name is specified------;
      if n < 1 then do;
         n = 3; list = compress(name1) || ' blue magenta red';
         end;

      else if n < 2 then do;
         n = 2; name2 = scan(list,2,' ');
         list = compress(name1) || ' ' || compress(name2) || ' ' ||
                compress(name2);
         end;

      *------store, check number of list elements------;
      call symput('paintnum',compress(put(n,3.)));

      *------table of recognized colors and their hex rgb------;
      allcols = 'BLACK--BLUE---BROWN--GRAY---GREEN--OLIVE--ORANGE-' ||
                'PINK---PURPLE-RED----VIOLET-WHITE--YELLOW-MAGENTA' ||
                'CYAN---';
      hexcols = '000000 0000ff a05000 808080 00ff00 2a8307 ff8000 ' ||
                'ff0080 703070 ff0000 b090d0 ffffff ffff00 ff00ff ' ||
                '00ffff ';
      list2   = ' ';

      *------construct list of (decimal) RGB values------;
      do j = 1 to 3;
         do i = 1 to n;

            color = upcase(scan(list,i + 1,' '));
            k     = index(allcols,trim(color));

            *------grab hex code for name, or parse CXrrggbb------;
            if k then name1 = substr(hexcols,k + (j - 1) * 2,2);
            else      name1 = substr(color  ,(j - 1) * 2 + 3,2);

            *------check for validity------;
            num = input(name1,?? hex2.);
            if nmiss(num) then do;
               put 'ERROR: PAINT= color of ' color 'is not valid.';
               ok = 0; j = 4;
               end;

            name1 = compress(put(num,3.));
            if length(list2) + length(name1) + 1 > 200 then do;
               put 'ERROR: PAINT= list is too long.';
               ok = 0; j = 3; i = n;
               end;

            *------build list------;
            list2 = trim(list2) || ' ' || trim(name1);
            end;
         end;

      *------store line segment end points in list if specified------;
      list2 = left(list2);
      name1 = scan(list,n + 2,' ');
      if name1 ne ' ' then do;
         do i = 1 to n;
            name1 = scan(list,n + 1 + i,' ');
            if nmiss(input(name1,?? 32.)) then do;
               put 'ERROR: PAINT= data value of ' name1 'is not valid.';
               ok = 0;
               end;
            if length(list2) + length(name1) + 1 > 200 then do;
               put 'ERROR: PAINT= list is too long.';
               ok = 0; i = n;
               end;
            list2 = trim(list2) || ' ' || name1;
            end;
         name1 = scan(list,2 * n + 2,' ');
         if name1 ne ' ' then do;
            put 'ERROR: PAINT= data value list is too long.';
            ok = 0;
            end;
         end;

      *------store processed PAINT= list------;
      call symput('paint',trim(list2));
      end;

   if _error_ or not ok then call symput('abort','1');
   stop;
   return;

   qlist: *------quote the elements of a list------;

   call vname(vars[i],name);
   list2 = ' ';
   list  = vars[i];
   charv = not index(name,'SIZE');
   word  = scan(list,1,' ');
   do n = 1 to ntypes while(word ne ' ');
      if charv then do;
         word = compress("'" || compress(word,"'"||'"') || "'");
         if not index(substr(word,2),"'") then do;
            put 'ERROR: The list element ' name +(-1) '='
                word 'is too long.';
            call symput('abort','1');
            stop;
            end;
         end;
      if (length(list2) + length(word)) >= 200 then do;
         put 'ERROR: The list ' name +(-1) '=' list2 'is too long.';
         call symput('abort','1');
         stop;
         end;
      else do;
         list2 = trim(list2) || ' ' || word;
         word  = scan(list,n + 1,' ');
         if word = ' ' and i <= listm then word = scan(list2,1,' ');
         end;
      end;

   call symput(name,trim(left(list2)));

   return;

   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------inertias for correspondence analysis variable labels------;
%if &corresp %then %do;
   data &tempdat2;
      set &data;
      keep contr: inertia;
      if _type_ = 'INERTIA' then do;
         output;
         if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
         stop;
         end;
      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   %if &dbprint %then %do;
      proc print data=&tempdat2;
         title3 "&tempdat2 - temporary data set, inertias";
         run;
      title3;
      %end;

   %end;

*------check, set remaining variables------;
data _null_;
   file log ps=&logps;
   set &tempdat1 end=eof;
   length setl labelvar tvname symvar paintvar $ 8;
   retain setl labelvar tvname symvar paintvar ' '
          paintfou typefoun 0 ok 1;

   *------get current names------;
   if _n_ = 1 then do;
      tvname   = upcase(symget('typevar'));
      symvar   = upcase(symget('symvar'));
      labelvar = upcase(symget('labelvar'));
      paintvar = upcase(symget('paintvar'));
      end;

   *------is the symbol variable numeric or character?------;
   if name = symvar and type = 1 then call symput('symnumer','1');

   *------find _type_ variable------;
   if name = tvname then typefoun = 1;

   *------find PAINT= variable------;
   if name = paintvar and type = 1 then paintfou = 1;

   *------find default label variable name------;
   else if type = 2 and (setl = ' ' or name ne '_TYPE_')
      then setl = name;

   *------at end, output results------;
   if eof then do;

      if labelvar = ' ' and setl ne ' ' then labelvar = setl;
      if labelvar = ' ' then labelvar = '_blank_';
      call symput('labelvar',trim(labelvar));

      *------assorted error checking------;
      if not typefoun and tvname ne ' ' then do;
         put 'ERROR: TYPEVAR=' tvname 'not found.';
         ok = 0;
         end;

      if not typefoun and input(symget('typespec'), ?? 32.) then do;
         put 'ERROR: A type variable must be available '
             'when TYPES= ' 'is specified.';
         ok = 0;
         end;

      if not (paintvar = ' ' or paintfou) then do;
         put 'ERROR: A numeric PAINT=' paintvar
             'variable was not found.';
         ok = 0;
         end;

      end;

   if not ok or _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------find minima, maxima------;
proc means data=&preproc noprint;
   output out=&tempdat1
      max(&vplotvar &hplotvar &paintvar)=vmax hmax
      %if &paintvar ne %then paintmax;
      min(&vplotvar &hplotvar &paintvar)=vmin hmin
      %if &paintvar ne %then paintmin;;
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %do; %let abort = 1; %goto endit; %end;

%if &dbprint %then %do;
   proc print data=&tempdat1;
      title3 "&tempdat1 - temporary data set - proc means results";
      run;
   title3;
   %end;

goptions &gopts2
   %if &method = print %then &gopprint; %else &gopplot; &gopts;

*------check some parameters for valid values, set up others------;
data _null_;

   file log ps=&logps;
   length c $ 1
          vplotvar hplotvar labelvar opt $ 8
          str place vecheadr vecheadw tinc $ 12
          post plotfile outward search vechead ls $ 32
          plotreq plotopts upopts pl list $ 200;

   ok = 1;

   call symput('somedata','0');
   set &tempdat1(drop=_type_);
   call symput('somedata','1');

   *------check missings------;
   if n(vmin,hmin,vmax,hmax) < 4 then do;
      put 'ERROR: At least one variable is all missing.';
      ok = 0;
      end;

   *------check for nonpositive data with log scales------;
   if (vmin <= 0 and &hlogscal) or (hmin <= 0 and &vlogscal) then do;
      put "ERROR: Nonpositive data with INTERPOL=&interpol..";
      ok = 0;
      end;

   *------store extend values------;
   list = symget('extend');
   call symput('close',compress(put(index(list,'close'),best3.)));
   if nmiss(input(scan(list,1,' '),?? 32.))
      then call symput('extendl',' ');
      else call symput('extendl',scan(list,1,' '));
   if nmiss(input(scan(list,2,' '),?? 32.))
      then call symput('extendr',' ');
      else call symput('extendr',scan(list,2,' '));
   if nmiss(input(scan(list,3,' '),?? 32.))
      then call symput('extendt',' ');
      else call symput('extendt',scan(list,3,' '));
   if nmiss(input(scan(list,4,' '),?? 32.))
      then call symput('extendb',' ');
      else call symput('extendb',scan(list,4,' '));

   *------make sure PAINT= minimum, maximum are stored------;
   %if &paintvar ne %then %do;
      if n(paintmin,paintmax) ne 2 then do;
         put "ERROR: All missing PAINT= variable &paintvar..";
         ok = 0;
         end;
      if paintmax - paintmin < &singular then do;
         put "ERROR: Insufficient range in PAINT= minimum and maximum.";
         ok = 0;
         end;
      else do;
         list = symget('rgbround'); n = input(scan(list,1,' '),?? 32.);
         if n(n) and n < 0 then n = -(paintmax - paintmin) / n;
         list = trim(list) || ' ' || compress(put(n,best8.));
         call symput('rgbround',trim(list));
         list = symget('paint');

         if scan(list,3 * &paintnum + 2,' ') = ' ' then do;
            inc = (paintmax - paintmin) / (&paintnum - 1);
            do i = paintmin to paintmax by inc;
               opt = compress(put(i,best7.));
               if length(list) + length(opt) + 1 > 200 then do;
                  put 'ERROR: PAINT= list is too long.';
                  ok = 0; i = paintmax;
                  end;
               list = trim(list) || ' ' || compress(opt);
               end;
            call symput('paint',trim(list));
            end;
         end;

      %end;

   *------set default file names------;
   sysscp   = symget('sysscp');
   filepref = symget('filepref');
   plotfile = symget('plotfile');
   if plotfile = ' ' then do;
      if sysscp = 'CMS'
         then plotfile  = trim(filepref) || ' ' || 'plt';
      else if sysscp = 'VMS' or sysscp = 'WIN' or sysscp = 'OS2'
         then plotfile = trim(filepref) || '.' || 'plt';
      else plotfile = '.' || trim(filepref) || '.' || 'plt';
      end;

   post = symget('post');
   if post = ' ' then do;
      if sysscp = 'CMS'
         then post = trim(filepref) || ' ' || 'ps';
      else if sysscp = 'VMS' or sysscp = 'WIN' or
              sysscp = 'OS2'
         then post = trim(filepref) || '.' || 'ps';
         else post = '.' || trim(filepref) || '.' || 'ps';
      end;

   *------compute (possibly adjusted) range------;
   isavec = index(symget('symtype'),'vector');
   if isavec then do;
      vmin = min(0,vmin); hmin = min(0,hmin);
      vmax = max(0,vmax); hmax = max(0,hmax);
      end;

   if &square then do;
      vmax = max(vmax,hmax); hmax = vmax;
      vmin = min(vmin,hmin); hmin = vmin;
      end;

   if &hlogscal and not &vlogscal then range = vmax - vmin;
   else if &vlogscal and not &hlogscal then range = hmax - hmin;
   else range = max(vmax - vmin, hmax - hmin);
   range = max(1e4 * &singular,range);

   *------default increment, minima, maxima------;
   inc = input(symget('inc'),?? 32.);
   if n(inc) = 0 then do;
      inc = 10 ** ceil(log10(range) - 1.0);
      if range / inc >= 7.5 then inc = inc * 2;
      if range / inc <= 2.5 then inc = inc / 2;
      if range / inc <= 2.5 then inc = inc / 2;
      end;
   tinc = compress(put(inc,best12.));

   if n(inc) = 0 then do;
      put 'ERROR: Input data set is empty, constant, or corrupt.';
      ok = 0;
      end;

   call symput('inc' ,trim(tinc));
   call symput('hmax',compress(put(hmax,best15.)));
   call symput('hmin',compress(put(hmin,best15.)));
   call symput('vmax',compress(put(vmax,best15.)));
   call symput('vmin',compress(put(vmin,best15.)));

   *------construct plot request------;
   vplotvar = symget('vplotvar');
   hplotvar = symget('hplotvar');
   plotopts = symget('plotopts');
   labelvar = symget('labelvar');
   upopts   = upcase(plotopts);
   plotreq  = trim(vplotvar) || ' * ' || trim(hplotvar) || ' $ ' ||
              trim(labelvar) || ' = _symbol_';

   *------check for HREF= VREF= options------;
   if index(upopts,'HREF') or index(upopts,'VREF') then
      put 'WARNING: HREF= and VREF= PLOT options are ignored. '
          ' Specify ' 'them as ' 'macro options ' 'instead.';

   *------see if we need to generate a placement list------;
   pl = ' '; i = index(upopts,'PLACE');
   if i then do;
      pl = substr(plotopts,i);
      if i > 1 then plotopts = substr(plotopts,1,i - 1);
      else plotopts = ' ';
      end;

   *------handle horizontal ticks if not already specified------;
   c = 'h'; maxim = hmax; minim = hmin; logscal = &hlogscal;
   link maketick;

   *------handle vertical ticks if not already specified------;
   c = 'v'; maxim = vmax; minim = vmin; logscal = &vlogscal;
   link maketick;

   *------outward option------;
   outward = symget('outward');
   if outward ne 'none' then do;
      if outward = ' ' and isavec then outward = "&symdummy";
      if outward ne ' '
         then plotopts = trim(plotopts) || ' outward="' ||
                         compress(outward,"'"||'" ') || '"';
      end;

   *------box option------;
   plotopts = left(trim(plotopts) || ' box');

   *------set up vector heads------;
   vechead  = symget('vechead');
   vecheadr = scan(vechead,1,' ');
   vecheadw = scan(vechead,2,' ');
   if vecheadw = ' ' then vecheadr = ' ';

   *------determine graphics area------;
   rc1 = ginit();
   call gask('maxdisp',units,xmax,ymax,xpix,ypix,rc2);
   rc3 = gterm();

   if rc1 or rc2 or rc3 then do;
      put 'ERROR: GASK call for XMAX= and YMAX= failed.';
      call symput('abort','1');
      end;

   xmax = xmax * 100; ymax = ymax * 100;

   if symget('unit') = 'in' then do;
      xmax = xmax / 2.54; ymax = ymax / 2.54;
      end;

   *------max horizontal graph size------;
   if symget('xmax') = ' '
      then call symput('xmax',compress(put(xmax,9.2)));

   *-------max vertical graph size------;
   if symget('ymax') = ' '
      then call symput('ymax',compress(put(ymax,9.2)));

   *------construct typical label------;
   length labely labelx $ 42 label $ 130 ind1 ind2 $ 8;
   label = symget('label');
   if label = 'typical' then do;

      ind1 = substr(vplotvar,length(vplotvar),1);
      ind2 = substr(hplotvar,length(hplotvar),1);

      if not ('1' <= ind1 <= '9' and '1' <= ind2 <= '9')
         then label = ' ';

      else do;

         do i = length(vplotvar) to 1 by -1;
            x = substr(vplotvar,i,1);
            if not ('1' <= x <= '9') then do;
               ind1 = substr(vplotvar, i + 1);
               i = 0;
               end;
            end;

         do i = length(hplotvar) to 1 by -1;
            x = substr(hplotvar,i,1);
            if not ('1' <= x <= '9') then do;
               ind2 = substr(hplotvar, i + 1);
               i = 0;
               end;
            end;

         *------for correspondence analysis,     ------;
         *------put inertia percentages in labels------;
         %if &corresp %then %do;

            length pin1 pin2 $ 6;
            set &tempdat2;
            array contr[*] contr:;
            pin1 = put(100.0 * contr[input(ind1,8.)] / inertia,6.2);
            pin2 = put(100.0 * contr[input(ind2,8.)] / inertia,6.2);
            if pin1 ne ' ' and pin2 ne ' ' then do;
               labely = "'Dimension " || compress(ind1) || ' (' ||
                        compress(pin1) || "%)'";
               labelx = "'Dimension " || compress(ind2) || ' (' ||
                        compress(pin2) || "%)'";
               end;

            %end;

         if labelx = ' ' then do;
            labely = "'Dimension " || compress(ind1) || "'";
            labelx = "'Dimension " || compress(ind2) || "'";
            end;

         label = "label &vplotvar = " || trim(labely) ||
                      " &hplotvar = " || trim(labelx);

         end;

      end;

   *------simple, imperfect, label statement check------;
   label = left(label);
   if label ne ' ' and compress(label,"'"||'="') = label then do;
      put "ERROR: Invalid LABEL statement, LABEL=" label +(-1) ".";
      ok = 0;
      end;

   str = upcase(scan(label,1));
   if str ne 'LABEL' and str ne ' ' then label = 'label ' || label;
   call symput('label' ,trim(label));

   *------make sure we have britypes with BRIGHT= specified------;
   if symget('bright') ne ' ' and symget('britypes') = ' ' then do;
      put "ERROR: Null BRITYPES= is not "
          "permitted with BRIGHT=&bright..";
      ok = 0;
      end;

   *------set up search parameters------;
   ls = symget('ls');
   if index(ls,'search') then do;
      ls = scan(ls,1,' ');
      if ls = 'compute' then search = 'compute';
      else search = 'ls';
      end;
   if ls = ' ' or ls = 'compute' then ls = '.';

   if pl = ' ' then place = symget('place');
   else place = '.';
   if index(place,'search') then do;
      search = trim(search) || ' place'; place = scan(place,1,' ');
      end;
   if place = ' ' then place = '.';

   *------output generated macro variables------;
   call symput('plotfile',trim(plotfile));
   call symput('post'    ,trim(post));
   call symput('search'  ,trim(search));
   call symput('ls'      ,trim(ls));
   call symput('place'   ,trim(place));
   call symput('plotopts',trim(plotopts));
   call symput('plotreq' ,trim(plotreq));
   call symput('pl'      ,trim(pl));
   call symput('vecheadr',trim(vecheadr));
   call symput('vecheadw',trim(vecheadw));

   *------check some parameters for valid values------;
   opt='VECHEAD';  str=vecheadr;    min=   0; max= 100; link checkit;
   opt='VECHEAD';  str=vecheadw;    min=   0; max= 100; link checkit;
   opt='INC';      str=tinc;        min=1e-8; max=1e50; link checkit;
   opt='BIPLOT';   str=symget(opt); min=1e-8; max= 100; link checkit;
   opt='SYMLEN';   str=symget(opt); min=   1; max=  22; link checkit;
   opt='OFFSET';   str=symget(opt); min=   0; max=   1; link checkit;
   opt='TSIZE';    str=symget(opt); min=   0; max= 100; link checkit;
   opt='TICKLEN';  str=symget(opt); min= -10; max=  10; link checkit;
   opt='ANTIIDEA'; str=symget(opt); min=  -2; max=   2; link checkit;
   opt='CIRSEGS';  str=symget(opt); min=1e-4; max= 500; link checkit;
   opt='CURSEGS';  str=symget(opt); min=  20; max= 500; link checkit;
   opt='VTOH';     str=symget(opt); min=   1; max=   3; link checkit;
   opt='MAKEFIT';  str=symget(opt); min= -10; max=  10; link checkit;
   opt='HSIZE';    str=symget(opt); min= 0.1; max= 1e5; link checkit;
   opt='VSIZE';    str=symget(opt); min= 0.1; max= 1e5; link checkit;
   opt='XMAX';     str=symget(opt); min= 0.1; max= 1e5; link checkit;
   opt='YMAX';     str=symget(opt); min= 0.1; max= 1e5; link checkit;
   opt='HPOS';     str=symget(opt); min= 0.1; max= 1e5; link checkit;
   opt='VPOS';     str=symget(opt); min= 0.1; max= 1e5; link checkit;
   opt='PS';       str=symget(opt); min=  15; max= 200; link checkit;
   opt='MAXITER';  str=symget(opt); min=   1; max=  50; link checkit;
   opt='MAXOKPEN'; str=symget(opt); min=   0; max= 1e9; link checkit;
   opt='BRIGHT';   str=symget(opt); min=   5; max= 250; link checkit;
   opt='EXTENDL';  str=symget(opt); min= -50; max=  50; link checkit;
   opt='EXTENDR';  str=symget(opt); min= -50; max=  50; link checkit;
   opt='EXTENDT';  str=symget(opt); min= -50; max=  50; link checkit;
   opt='EXTENDB';  str=symget(opt); min= -50; max=  50; link checkit;
   opt='LSINC';    str=symget(opt); min=   1; max= 200; link checkit;
   opt='LS';       str=ls;          min=  64; max= 200;
   if ls ne '.' then link checkit;
   opt='PLACE';    str=place;       min=   0; max=  13;
   if place ne '.' then link checkit;

   list = compress(symget('tickaxes'));
   call symput('tickaxes',trim(list));
   if compress(list,'LRTBlrtbF') ne ' ' then do;
      put "ERROR: TICKAXES=&tickaxes is not valid.";
      ok = 0;
      end;

   call symput('frame',put(indexc(list,'RTrtF') > 0,1.));

   if not (symget('unit') in ('in' 'cm')) then do;
      put "ERROR: UNIT=&unit is not valid.";
      ok = 0;
      end;

   if scan(symget('lsizes'),5,' ') = ' ' then do;
      put "ERROR: LSIZES=&lsizes must specify five sizes.";
      ok = 0;
      end;

   if _error_ or not ok then call symput('abort','1');

   stop;
   return;

   checkit: *------check parameter range------;

   if str ne ' ' then do;
      param = input(str,?? 32.);
      if not (min <= param <= max) then do;
         ok = 0;
         put 'ERROR: ' opt +(-1) '=' str 'is not valid. '
             'The valid range is ' min '<= ' opt '<= ' max +(-1) '.';
         end;
      end;
   return;

   maketick: *------handle ticks if not already specified------;

   minor = input(symget(c ||'minor'),?? 32.);
   if index(upopts,upcase(c) || 'AXIS') = 0 then do;
      if maxim > 0 then logmax = ceil(log10(maxim));
      else logmax = .;
      if minim > 0 then logmin = floor(log10(minim));
      else logmin = .;

      *------major ticks for log scale------;
      if logscal and n(logmin) then do;
         plotopts = trim(plotopts) || ' ' || c || 'axis=';
         do i = logmin to logmax;
            plotopts = trim(plotopts) || '1e' ||
                       compress(put(i,4.)) || ',';
            end;
         plotopts = substr(plotopts,1,length(plotopts) - 1);
         end;

      *------ordinary major ticks------;
      else plotopts = trim(plotopts) || ' ' || c || 'axis=by ' || tinc;

      *------minor ticks------;
      if minor >= 1 then do;
         if n(logmax) then do;
            if logscal then do;
               maxim = logmax; minim = logmin; i = 1;
               end;
            else i = inc;
            maxim = ceil(2 + maxim / i) * i;
            minim = floor(minim / i - 2) * i;
            call symput(c || 'minor',
                        compress(put(minim,best12.)) || ' to ' ||
                        compress(put(maxim,best12.)) || ' by ' ||
                        compress(put(i / (minor + 1),best12.)));
            end;
         else call symput(c||'minor',' ');
         end;
      end;

   *------number of minor ticks only allowed with inc is known------;
   else if n(minor) then do;
      put 'WARNING: Minor ticks are suppressed when HAXIS= '
          'or VAXIS= '  'is specified ' 'on PLOTOPTS=.';
      call symput(c||'minor',' ');
      end;

   return;

   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;
%if not &somedata %then %do;
   %put ERROR: At least one variable is all missing.;
   %let abort = 1;
   %end;
%if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------debugging output------;
%if &dbyes %then
   %dump(method gopprint gopplot gopts2 gopts data out gout datatype
         typevar types typespec symdummy symbols symcol symtype symsize
         symfont labsize labcol labfont outward filepref plotfile post
         tempdat1 tempdat2 preproc extraobs regdat procopts plotreq
         plotopts href vref hminor vminor label place ls maxiter
         maxokpen lsinc font lsizes tsize ticklen tickaxes center clip
         extend extendl extendr extendt extendb offset interpol intrtick
         intrls hlogscal vlogscal linetext tickfor adjust1 adjust2
         adjust3 adjust4 color framecol titlecol labelcol tickcol
         curvecol monochro bright britypes rgbtypes exttypes colors
         paint rgbround red green blue inc square plotvars labelvar
         symvar symcon symlen antiidea vechead radii cirsegs regopts
         nknots regprint regfun cursegs debug dbtime vtoh makefit unit
         hsize vsize xmax ymax hpos vpos ps restorls restorps logps
         corresp mca row column mdpref mdpref2 vector ideal mds curve
         curve2 function contour scatter dbyes dbprint dbmprint ntypes
         nlines singular symnumer typenum biplot search actualls
         listtitl vplotvar hplotvar appvar1 hmax hmin vmax vmin pl
         vecheadr vecheadw somedata frame paintvar options paintnum
         allblank botblank looklist nobs close);

*========================preprocessing of data========================;

*------preprocess the input data set------;
data &preproc
     %if &curve %then ®dat(keep=&plotvars);;

   file log ps=&logps;
   length _symbol_ $ 1 __symbol $ &symlen
          __lfont __lcolor __sfont __scolor __stype __otype __color $ 12
          __temp $ 42;
   retain __nblank __bblank 0 __color ' ';
   drop __nblank __bblank __dummy;

   if _n_ = 1 then do;

      *------set the variable labels------;
      &label;
      call label(&vplotvar,__temp);
      if __temp = ' ' then __temp = upcase("&vplotvar");
      __temp = '"' || trim(__temp) || '"';
      call symput('labely',trim(__temp));
      call label(&hplotvar,__temp);
      if __temp = ' ' then __temp = upcase("&hplotvar");
      __temp = '"' || trim(__temp) || '"';
      call symput('labelx',trim(__temp));
      drop __temp;

      *------output x coordinates for the curve------;
      %if &curve %then %do;
         drop __inc;
         &vplotvar = .;
         %if &hlogscal %then %do;
            drop __logmin __logmax;
            __logmin = log10(&hmin); __logmax = log10(&hmax);
            __inc = max((__logmax - __logmin) / &cursegs,&singular);
            do __i = __logmin + 0.5 * __inc to __logmax by __inc;
               &hplotvar = exp(__i);
            %end;
         %else %do;
            __inc = max((&hmax - &hmin) / &cursegs,&singular);
            do &hplotvar = &hmin + 0.5 * __inc to &hmax by __inc;
            %end;
            output ®dat;
            end;
         %end;

      *------computed colors------;
      %if &paintvar ne %then %do;
         array __cols[3] __col1-__col3;
         array __paint[%eval(4 * &paintnum)] _temporary_ (&paint);
         drop __col1-__col3 __minx __maxx __minc __maxc __j __i __hold
              __minov __maxov;
         retain __minov __maxov;
         __minov = __paint[3 * &paintnum + 1];
         __maxov = __paint[4 * &paintnum];
         do __i = 3 * &paintnum + 2 to 4 * &paintnum;
            if __paint[__i] - __paint[__i - 1] < &singular then do;
               put 'ERROR: Invalid PAINT= data values. '
                   ' Numbers ' 'must increase.';
               call symput('abort','1');
               stop;
               end;
            end;
        %end;

      drop   __roupai __roured __rougre __roublu;
      retain __roupai __roured __rougre __roublu;
      array  __rou[5] __dummy __roured __rougre __roublu __roupai
                      (&rgbround .);

      end;

   *------set up observation type variable------;
   %if &typevar = %then %do;
      %let typevar = _type_;
      _type_ = repeat(' ',7);
      %end;

   *------preprocess raw data------;
   set &preproc;

   *------store label/symbol colors, sizes, fonts, types------;
   array a__ty[&ntypes] $ _temporary_ (&types);
   __li = 1; drop __li __i;
   do __i = 1 to &ntypes;

      %if &typenum %then %do;
         __otype = left(put(&typevar,best12.));
         __hold = input(a__ty[__i], ?? 32.); drop __hold;
         if n(__hold) and abs(__hold - &typevar) <= &singular then do;
         %end;
      %else %do;
         &typevar = compress(&typevar);
         __otype  = &typevar;
         if &typevar = a__ty[__i] then do;
         %end;
         __li = __i;
         __i = &ntypes;
         end;
      end;

   array a__ls[&ntypes]           _temporary_ (&labsize);
   array a__ss[&ntypes]           _temporary_ (&symsize);
   array a__lf[&ntypes] $      12 _temporary_ (&labfont);
   array a__lc[&ntypes] $      12 _temporary_ (&labcol);
   array a__sf[&ntypes] $      12 _temporary_ (&symfont);
   array a__sc[&ntypes] $      12 _temporary_ (&symcol);
   array a__st[&ntypes] $      12 _temporary_ (&symtype);
   array a__sy[&ntypes] $ &symlen _temporary_ (&symbols);

   __lsize = a__ls[__li]; __ssize  = a__ss[__li];
   __lfont = a__lf[__li]; __lcolor = a__lc[__li];
   __sfont = a__sf[__li]; __scolor = a__sc[__li];
   __stype = a__st[__li]; __symbol = a__sy[__li];

   *------assign specialized symbols------;
   if "&symvar" = '_symbol_' then do;
      _symbol_ = __symbol;
      if __stype in ('vector' 'circle') and _symbol_ = ' '
         then _symbol_ = "&symdummy";
      end;

   %if &symvar ne %then %do;
      else do;
         %if &symnumer %then %do;
            _symbol_ = left(put(&symvar,best12.));
            __symbol = left(put(&symvar,best12.));
            %end;
         %else %do;
            _symbol_ = &symvar; __symbol = &symvar;
            %end;
         end;
      %end;

   *------blank out labels?------;
   if __lsize = 0 or "&labelvar" = '_blank_' then &labelvar = ' ';

   *------stretch vectors------;
   %if &biplot ne 1 %then %do;
      retain hmin &hmin hmax &hmax vmin &vmin vmax &vmax;
      if __stype = 'vector' then do;
         &vplotvar = &vplotvar * &biplot;
         %if &hplotvar ne &vplotvar %then %do;
            &hplotvar = &hplotvar * &biplot;
            %end;
         if vmin > &vplotvar then do;
            vmin = &vplotvar; call symput('vmin',put(vmin,best15.));
            end;
         if vmax < &vplotvar then do;
            vmax = &vplotvar; call symput('vmax',put(vmax,best15.));
            end;
         if hmin > &hplotvar then do;
            hmin = &hplotvar; call symput('hmin',put(hmin,best15.));
            end;
         if hmax < &hplotvar then do;
            hmax = &hplotvar; call symput('hmax',put(hmax,best15.));
            end;
         end;
      %end;

   *------computed colors------;
   %if &paintvar ne %then %do;
      __color = ' ';
      do __i = 2 to &paintnum;
         __minx  = __paint[3 * &paintnum + __i - 1];
         __maxx  = __paint[3 * &paintnum + __i];
         __hold  = &paintvar;
         if n(__hold) then do;
            if n(__roupai) then __hold = round(__hold,__roupai);
            __hold = max(min(__hold,__maxov),__minov);
            if __minx <= __hold <= __maxx then do;
               do __j = 1 to 3;
                  __minc = __paint[(__j - 1) * &paintnum + __i - 1];
                  __maxc = __paint[(__j - 1) * &paintnum + __i];
                  __cols[__j] = (__hold - __minx) * (__maxc - __minc) /
                                (__maxx - __minx) + __minc;
                  __cols[__j] = min(255,round(__cols[__j],
                                              __rou[__j + 1]));
                  end;
               __color = 'CX' || put(__col1,hex2.) ||
                         put(__col2,hex2.) || put(__col3,hex2.);
               end;
            end;
         end;
      %end;

   %else %if &red ne or &green ne or &blue ne %then %do;
      __color = 'CX' || put(%if &red ne %then round(&red,__roured);
                            %else 128;,hex2.)
                     || put(%if &green ne %then round(&green,__rougre);
                            %else 128;,hex2.)
                     || put(%if &blue ne %then round(&blue,__roublu);
                            %else 128;,hex2.);
      %end;

   *------adjustments to preprocessed data------;
   &adjust1;

   __xvar = &hplotvar; __yvar = &vplotvar;

   %if &hlogscal %then %do;
      if n(__xvar) then __xvar = log10(__xvar);
      else __xvar = .;
      %end;
   %if &vlogscal %then %do;
      if n(__yvar) then __yvar = log10(__yvar);
      else __yvar = .;
      %end;

   *------are labels all blank?------;
   if not __nblank then do;
      if &labelvar ne ' ' then do;
         __nblank = 1;
         call symput('allblank','0');
         end;
      end;

   *------are there obs with both label and symbol blank?------;
   if not __bblank then do;
      if &labelvar = ' ' and _symbol_ = ' ' then do;
         __bblank = 1;
         call symput('botblank','1');
         end;
      end;

   output &preproc;

   *------create regression data set for curve fitting------;
   %if &curve %then %str(output ®dat;);

   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

%if &dbprint %then %do;
   proc print data=&preproc;
      title3 "&preproc - preprocessed data";
      run;
   %if &curve %then %do;
      proc print data=®dat;
         title3 "®dat - regression data set for curve fitting";
         run;
      %end;
   title3;
   %end;

*------separate out obs that will not go through PROC PLOT------;
%if &allblank or &botblank or &exttypes ne %then %do;

   data &preproc &extraobs;

      retain __listit 0;  length __stype $ 12;

      *------make sure PROC PLOT scales axes based on min, max------;
      if _n_ = 1 then do;
         __stype = 'dummy';
         output &extraobs;
         do &hplotvar = &hmin, &hmax;
            do &vplotvar = &vmin, &vmax;
               output &preproc;
               end;
            end;
         __stype = ' ';
         end;

      set &preproc;

      if &labelvar = ' ' and __stype in (&exttypes)
         then output &extraobs;
      else if &labelvar ne ' ' or not (&allblank or (&botblank and
         (_symbol_ = ' ' and &labelvar = ' '))) then do;
         if __listit = 0 then do;
            call symput('looklist','1');
            __listit = 1;
            end;
         output &preproc;
         end;
      else output &extraobs;

      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   %if &dbprint %then %do;
      proc print data=&preproc;
         title3 "&preproc - preprocessed data";
         run;

      proc print data=&extraobs;
         title3 "&extraobs - extra observations data";
         run;
      title3;
      %end;

   %end;

*------find regression function------;
%if &curve %then %do;

   %if &nknots ne %then %let nknots = nknots=&nknots;

   proc transreg data=®dat ®print;
      model ide(&vplotvar) = ®fun(&hplotvar / ®opts &nknots);
      output dap out=®dat(keep=&appvar1 &plotvars);
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %do; %let abort = 1; %goto endit; %end;

   %if &curve2 %then %do;
      data &preproc;
         set &preproc ®dat(in=r where=(&vplotvar = .));
         if r then do;
            _symbol_  = "&symdummy";
            __stype   = 'curve';
            &vplotvar = &appvar1;
            __yvar    = &appvar1;
            __xvar    = &hplotvar;
            end;
         drop &appvar1;
         if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
         run;

      %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;
      %if &abort %then %goto endit;
      %end;

   %if &dbprint %then %do;
      proc print data=&preproc;
         title3 "&preproc - preprocessed data with curve";
         run;
      title3;
      %end;

   %end;

*------printer plot file------;
filename rawplot "&plotfile" lrecl=204 blksize=6124;

*------set up iteration parameters------;
%let done    = 0;
%let iternum = 0;

*------debugging output------;
%if &dbyes %then
   %dump(typevar data abort done iternum ls labely labelx
         allblank botblank looklist);

*=========================create printer plot=========================;

%do %while(not &done);

   data _null_;
      file log ps=&logps;

      length pl $ 200 search $ 24;

      iternum = &iternum + 1; place = &place; ls = &ls;
      search = symget('search');
      ispl   = index(search,'place');
      isls   = index(search,'ls');
      isco   = index(search,'compute');

      *------adjust placement list, line size------;
      if iternum > 1 then do;
         if ispl then place = place + 1;
         if isls then ls = ls + &lsinc;
         end;
      if isco then ls = round(36 + 29 * iternum -
                              20 * log(iternum),5);
      isls = (isls or isco);

      *------last iteration if we cannot increment------;
      *------the parameters any more.             ------;
      if (isls and ispl and ls >= 200 and place >= 13) or
         (isls and not ispl and ls >= 200) or
         (ispl and not isls and place >= 13) or
         (not ispl and not isls and not isco)
         then maxiter = iternum;
         else maxiter = &maxiter;

      if ls > 200 then ls = 200;
      if ls <  64 then ls = 64;
      actualps = input(symget('ps'),?? 32.);
      if n(actualps) = 0 then do;
         vtoh = input(symget('vtoh'),?? 32.);
         if nmiss(vtoh) then do;
            hsize = input(symget('hsize'),?? 32.);
            vsize = input(symget('vsize'),?? 32.);
            if nmiss(hsize) then hsize = &xmax;
            if nmiss(vsize) then vsize = &ymax;
            actualps = round(ls * (vsize / (hsize * 2)));
            end;
         else actualps = round(10 + ls / vtoh,5);
         end;
      if actualps > 200 then actualps = 200;

      *------construct placement list------;
      if n(place) then do;

         if place > 13 then place = 13;
         if place = 0 then pl = '(s=center)';
         else pl = '(h=2 -2 : s=right left)';

         if place = 1 then
            pl = trim(pl) || ' (v=1 * h=0 -1 to -2 by alt)';

         else if place = 2 then
            pl = trim(pl) || ' (v=1 -1 * h=0 -1 to -5 by alt)';

         else if place > 2 then pl = trim(pl) ||
            ' (v=1 to 2 by alt * h=0 -1 to -10 by alt)';

         if place > 3 then do;
            pl = trim(pl) || ' (s=center right left * v=0 1 to '
                 || compress(put(place - 2,5.))
                 || ' by alt * h=0 -1 to '
                 || compress(put(-3 * (place - 2),5.))
                 || ' by alt * l= 1 to '
                 || compress(put(2 + (place - 3.5) / 3,5.))
                 || ')';
            end;

         pl = 'placement=(' || trim(pl) || ')';

         if place > 4 then do;
            pl = trim(pl) || ' penalty(7)=' ||
                 compress(put(1.5 * place,5.));
            end;

         end;

      call symput('maxiter' ,compress(put(maxiter,5.)));
      call symput('iternum' ,compress(put(iternum,5.)));
      call symput('place'   ,compress(put(place,5.)));
      call symput('ls'      ,compress(put(ls,5.)));
      call symput('actualps',compress(put(actualps,5.)));
      if pl ne ' ' then call symput('pl',trim(pl));

      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      stop;
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   %if &dbyes %then %dump(actualps ls place iternum maxiter pl);

   *------write plot to file------;
   options nonumber formdlim=' ' ls=&ls ps=&actualps;

   proc printto print=rawplot new; run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %do; %let abort = 1; %goto endit; %end;

   proc plot &procopts data=&preproc %if &vtoh ne %then vtoh=&vtoh;;
      plot &plotreq / &plotopts &pl list=-2;
      &adjust2; label &vplotvar = '#' &hplotvar = '#';
      run; quit;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;

   options number formdlim='' ls=&restorls ps=&restorps;

   proc printto print=print; run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;
   %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   *------look at the total penalty------;
   data _null_;
      file log ps=&logps;
      infile rawplot end=eof pad lrecl=204 blksize=6124;
      do until(eof or line = "&listtitl"); input line $char&ls..; end;
      done = '0'; penalty = .;

      if not eof then do;
         input / line $char&ls..;
         penalty = input(scan(line, 4),?? 32.);
         end;

      if eof and not &looklist and nmiss(penalty) then penalty = 0;
      if n(penalty) and penalty <= &maxokpen then done = '1';

      *------print iteration history line------;
      iternum = &iternum; place = &place; ls = &ls;
      actualps = &actualps; m = floor((&restorls - 55) / 2);
      if iternum = 1 then do;
         put / +m +5
            'Iterative Scatterplot of Labeled Points Macro' /;
         put +m 'Iteration' +4 'Place' +4 'Line Size'
             +4 'Page Size' +4 'Penalty';
         put +m
            '-------------------------------------------------------';
         end;

      m = m - 4;
      put +m iternum 9. place 11. ls 11. actualps 13. penalty 13.;

      if iternum >= &maxiter then done = '1';
      call symput('done',compress(done));

      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      if n(penalty) then stop;
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   %if &done and &method = plot %then %do;

      *------write plot to screen------;
      proc plot &procopts data=&preproc %if &vtoh ne %then vtoh=&vtoh;;
         plot &plotreq / &plotopts &pl list=-1;
         &adjust2;
         run; quit;

      %goto endit;

      %end;

   *------debugging output------;
   %if &dbyes %then %dump(abort done);

   %end;

%let procopts = %str(proc plot &procopts data=&preproc);
%if &vtoh ne %then %let procopts = %str(&procopts vtoh=&vtoh);
%let procopts = %str(&procopts;);

*======================post-process plot, step 1======================;

*------start storing locations of lines------;
data &out(keep=tx ty comment);

   length c $ 1 line title $ &ls comment $ 25;
   retain coln top bottom afterbot nlines nblanks    0
          topn botn topextra botextra                0
          vtick1 vtick2 htick1 htick2                .
          counttop                                   1
          right left col1 labcolum                 &ls
          title                                    ' ';

   file log ps=&logps;
   infile rawplot pad lrecl=204 blksize=6124 end=eof;

   input line $char&ls..;

   *------skip leading blank lines------;
   if _n_ = 1 then do while(line = ' ');
      input line $char&ls..;
      end;

   *------initialize------;
   length  = length(line);
   if line = ' ' then length = 0;
   comment = 'frame, tick';

   *------store first title line------;
   if title = ' ' then title = line;

   *------find frame location------;
   if left(line) =: '-' and index(line,'-+-') and
      substr(line,length,1) = '-' then do;
      bottom = _n_;           /* last line will be bottom line */
      if top = 0 then do;     /* top box line of plot          */
         top   = _n_;
         left  = index(line,'-');   /* left axis coordinate    */
         right = length;            /* right axis coordinate   */
         end;
      end;

   *------flag lines after the bottom line of the plot------;
   c = substr(line,left,1);
   if _n_ > top and afterbot = 0 and
      c = '-' and substr(line,right,1) = '-'
      then afterbot = 1;
   else if afterbot then afterbot = afterbot + 1;

   *------check for vertically printing ticks------;
   if afterbot and not (afterbot = 3 or afterbot = 4) and
      compress(line) eq '#' then do;
      put 'WARNING: Ticks may be printing vertically. '
          ' The plot may be wrong.';
      if &intrtick then do;
         call symput('intrls','1');
         call symput('intrtick','0');
         end;
      end;

   *------can we drop extra top of the plot lines?------;
   if top and _n_ > top and not afterbot then do;
      botn = botn + 1;
      if c = '+' then do;
         counttop = 0; botextra = 0; botn = 0;
         end;
      else do;
         if counttop then topn = topn + 1;
         if compress(line,'| ') = ' ' then do;
            if abs(_n_ - top - 1 - topextra) < &singular
               then topextra = topextra + 1;
            botextra = botextra + 1;
            end;
         end;
      end;

   *------output horizontal axis tick mark coordinates------;
   if afterbot = 1 then do;
      ty = .;
      do i = left to right;     /* output tick mark coords. */
         if substr(line,i,1) = '+' then do;
            tx = i;
            if      nmiss(htick1) then htick1 = tx;
            else if nmiss(htick2) then htick2 = tx;
            output &out;
            end;
         end;
      end;

   *------find last line in plot region------;
   if (afterbot > 2 and nlines = 0 and
      (index(line,'NOTE:') or index(line,"&listtitl") or
      index(line,title))) or eof then nlines = _n_ - (nblanks + 1);

   *------first, last nonblank column, label column------;
   if nlines = 0 and length then do;
      coln = max(coln,length); i = length + 1 - length(left(line));
      col1 = min(col1,i);
      if top then labcolum = min(labcolum,i);
      end;

   *------output vertical axis tick mark coordinates------;
   if top and substr(line,left,1) = '+' then do;
      tx = .; ty = _n_;
      if      nmiss(vtick1) then vtick1 = ty;
      else if nmiss(vtick2) then vtick2 = ty;
      output &out;
      end;

   *------on last observation, output results to macro variables------;
   if nlines and _n_ >= nlines then do;

      *------check VTOH=------;
      vtoh = input(symget('vtoh'),?? 32.);
      if nmiss(vtoh) then vtoh = 2;
      else if n(htick1,htick2,vtick1,vtick2) = 4 then do;
         vtoh = vtick2 - vtick1;
         if vtoh > &singular then vtoh = (htick2 - htick1) / vtoh;
         end;
      * put vtoh= vtick2= vtick1= htick2= htick1=;
      call symput('vtoh',compress(put(vtoh,best15.)));

      *------size of plot parameters------;
      ls    = coln     - col1 + 1; left     = left     - col1 + 1;
      right = right    - col1 + 1; labcolum = labcolum - col1 + 1;
      hpos  = ls + 0.5 * (1.0 + abs(&ticklen)); vpos = nlines + 1;

      uhpos = input(symget('hpos'),?? 32.);
      if n(uhpos) then do;
         if uhpos < hpos then do;
            put "ERROR: HPOS=&hpos is too small. "
                ' The default minimum for this plot is ' hpos +(-1) '.';
            call symput('abort','1'); stop;
            end;
         else hpos = uhpos;
         end;

      uvpos = input(symget('vpos'),?? 32.);
      if n(uvpos) then do;
         if uvpos < vpos then do;
            put "ERROR: VPOS=&vpos is too small. "
                ' The default minimum for this plot is ' vpos +(-1) '.';
            call symput('abort','1'); stop;
            end;
         else vpos = uvpos;
         end;

      *------scale plot to use MAKEFIT= proportion of area------;
      makefit1 = input(symget('makefit'),?? 32.);
      makefit  = makefit1;

      *------makefit value can be changed inside this loop------;
      do until(itfits);
         itfits = 1;

         *------determine hsize and vsize------;
         hsize = input(symget('hsize'),?? 32.);
         vsize = input(symget('vsize'),?? 32.);
         if n(vsize) and nmiss(hsize)
            then hsize = hpos * vsize / (vpos * vtoh);

         else do;
            if n(hsize) = 0 then hsize = &xmax;
            if n(vsize) = 0 then vsize = (vpos / hpos) * hsize * vtoh;
            end;

         *-------scale sizes so plot fits in specified area------;
         if n(makefit) then do;

            scale = max(hsize / (abs(makefit) * (&xmax)),
                        vsize / (abs(makefit) * (&ymax)));

            if scale > 1.0 then do;
               hsize = hsize / scale; vsize = vsize / scale;
               end;

            end;

         *------add extra positions to center plot, extend axes------;
         extendl = input(symget('extendl'),?? 32.);
         extendr = input(symget('extendr'),?? 32.);
         extendt = input(symget('extendt'),?? 32.);
         extendb = input(symget('extendb'),?? 32.);
         setlr   = (nmiss(extendl,extendr) = 2 and not &close);
         settb   = (nmiss(extendt,extendb) = 2 and not &close);

         *------centering, compute horizontal, vertical offsets------;
         if ¢er then do;
            hposoff = max(0.5 * ((&xmax) - hsize) / (hsize / hpos), 0);
            vposoff = max(0.5 * ((&ymax) - vsize) / (vsize / vpos), 0);
            hsize = &xmax; vsize = &ymax;
            end;

         else do; vposoff = 0; hposoff = 0; end;

         *------can we extend the left and right axes a little?------;
         if setlr then do;
            extendl = max(min(hposoff - 2.5, 2), 0); extendr = extendl;
            end;

         *------even the top and bottom extra positions------;
         if settb and topn > botn then do;
            i = topn - botn;
            if i <= topextra then extendt = -i; else extendb = i;
            i = -0.5 * sum(extendb,extendt);
            if i > 0 then do;
               extendb = sum(extendb,i); extendt = sum(extendt,i);
               end;
            end;

         *------set the extend variables if not set yet------;
         if nmiss(extendt) then extendt = 0;
         if nmiss(extendl) then extendl = 0;
         if nmiss(extendr) then extendr = 0;
         if nmiss(extendb) then extendb = 0;

         *------make the plot square------;
         if &square and not &close then do;

            *------first try to adjust the left and right------;
            if setlr then do;
               setlr   = ((right - left + extendr + extendl) - (vtoh *
                         (bottom - top + extendt + extendb))) / 2;
               extendl = extendl - setlr;
               extendl = max(min(extendl,hposoff - 2.5),0);
               extendr = extendl;
               end;

            *------next try to adjust the top and bottom------;
            if settb then do;
               settb = ((right - left + extendr + extendl) -
                        (vtoh * (bottom - top + extendt + extendb))) /
                       (-2 * vtoh);
               extendt = extendt - settb; extendb = extendb - settb;
               if -extendt > topextra then extendt = -topextra;
               if -extendb > botextra then extendb = -botextra;
               end;

            *------check to see if we succeeded, should be zero------;
            setlr = (right - left + extendr + extendl) -
                     vtoh * (bottom - top + extendt + extendb);

            end;

         *------see if the plot fits, otherwise try again------;
         if n(makefit) and makefit < 0 and not &close and
            ((&square and abs(setlr) > (&singular * hpos)) or
             (¢er and (((extendl + extendr) > (2 * hposoff - 2.5))
             or ((extendt + extendb) > (2 * vposoff - 0.25))))) and
            makefit <= 0.75 * makefit1 then do;
            makefit = makefit * 0.99; itfits = 0;
            end;

         end;

      *------warn if we changed MAKEFIT= to make the plot square------;
      if n(makefit) and abs(makefit - makefit1) >
         &singular then put 'WARNING: MAKEFIT=' makefit 'was used '
         'to make ' 'the plot ' 'fit.';

      * put extendt= extendb= extendl= extendr= vtoh= hposoff= vposoff=;

      *------override default positions------;
      if n(uhpos)
         then hposoff = 0;
         else hpos    = hpos + 2.0 * hposoff;
      if n(uvpos)
         then vposoff = 0;
         else vpos    = vpos + 2.0 * vposoff;

      *------output plot size parameters------;
      call symput('col1',                  /* first column with data */
                  compress(put(col1,5.0)));
      call symput('actualls',              /* actual line size       */
                  compress(put(ls,5.0)));
      call symput('nlines',                /* number of lines        */
                  compress(put(nlines,5.0)));
      call symput('top',                   /* top boundary index     */
                  compress(put(top,5.0)));
      call symput('bottom',                /* bottom boundary index  */
                  compress(put(bottom,5.0)));
      call symput('left',                  /* left boundary index    */
                  compress(put(left,5.0)));
      call symput('right',                 /* right boundary index   */
                  compress(put(right,5.0)));
      call symput('labcolum',              /* label column           */
                  compress(put(labcolum,5.0)));
      call symput('hposoff',               /* hor. offset to center  */
                  compress(put(hposoff,7.1)));
      call symput('vposoff',               /* ver. offset to center  */
                  compress(put(vposoff,7.1)));
      call symput('hpos',                  /* goptions hpos= value   */
                  compress(put(hpos,9.2)));
      call symput('vpos',                  /* goptions vpos= value   */
                  compress(put(vpos,9.2)));
      call symput('hsize',                 /* horizontal graph size  */
                  compress(put(hsize,9.2)));
      call symput('vsize',                 /* vertical graph size    */
                  compress(put(vsize,9.2)));
      call symput('extendl',               /* left extension         */
                  compress(put(extendl,9.2)));
      call symput('extendr',               /* right extension        */
                  compress(put(extendr,9.2)));
      call symput('extendt',               /* top extension          */
                  compress(put(extendt,9.2)));
      call symput('extendb',               /* bottom extension       */
                  compress(put(extendb,9.2)));

      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      stop;

      end;

   if length = 0 then nblanks = nblanks + 1;
   else nblanks = 0;

   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   return;
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;

%if &actualls <= 0 %then %do;
   %put ERROR: The plot is corrupt.;
   %let abort = 1;
   %end;

%if &abort %then %goto endit;

%if &dbprint %then %do;
   proc print data=&out;
      title3 "&out - intermediate results - line locations";
      run;
   title3;
   %end;

*------debugging output------;
%if &dbyes %then
   %dump(col1 actualls nlines top bottom left right labcolum vtoh
         hposoff vposoff hpos vpos hsize vsize abort extendl extendr
         extendt extendb);

*=======================post-process plot, step 2======================;

data &tempdat1(keep=function x y text angle position         /* text  */
               comment color size style n __xvar __yvar __otype)
     &tempdat2(keep=tx ty comment
               color size style n __xvar __yvar);            /* lines */

   length text line $ 200 function color style $ 8
          position $ 1 comment $ 80;
   retain style ' ';

   infile rawplot pad lrecl=204 blksize=6124 end=eof;

   function = 'LABEL'; color = ' '; size = .;

   *------read the plot------;
   if _n_ <= &nlines then do;

      comment = 'text';

      input @&col1 line $char&actualls..;

      *------skip leading blank lines------;
      if _n_ = 1 then do while(line = ' ');
         input @&col1 line $char&actualls..;
         end;

      *------is this an axis line?------;
      istop = (_n_ = &top); isbot = (_n_ = &bottom);

      *------set the y-axis label------;
      if &top <= _n_ <= &nlines then substr(line,&labcolum,1) = ' ';
      if _n_ = &nlines then do;
         y = ((2 * &nlines) - &top - &bottom) / 2;
         x = &labcolum; text = &labely;
         if &hposoff > 1 then x = x - 0.5;
         if length(text) > 1 then angle = 90;
         comment = 'text, y label'; color = &labelcol;
         output &tempdat1;
         end;

      angle = 0;

      *------remove stuff in the plot------;
      if &top <= _n_ <= &bottom then
         substr(line,&left,&right - &left + 1) = ' ';

      *------output ticks, titles, and so on------;
      y = &nlines - _n_;
      do iwhile = 1 to &ls while(line ne ' ');

         i = length(line) - length(left(line)) + 1;
         text = substr(line,i,1);

         *------isolate and process one label------;
         if text ne ' ' then do;

            position = '+'; x = i;

            *------special handling of title lines, xaxis label------;
            if _n_ < &top or _n_ = &nlines then do;
               text = left(line); i = &actualls + 1; line = ' ';
               x    = (&left + &right) / 2.0;

               *------special handling of title lines------;
               if _n_ < &top then do;
                  comment = 'text, title'; color = &titlecol;
                  end;

               *------handle x-axis label------;
               else do;
                  text  = &labelx; comment = 'text, x label';
                  color = &labelcol;
                  end;

               end;

            *------handle label outside the plot, not title------;
            else if i < &left or _n_ > &bottom then do;

               do j = i + 1 to &actualls until(done);
                  done = substr(line,j,1) = ' ';
                  end;

               text = substr(line,i,j - i + 1);
               substr(line,i,j - i + 1) = ' ';

               *------handle ticks------;
               position = '<'; x = i + length(text) - 1;
               if j < &left then comment = 'text, y tick';
               else do;
                  comment = 'text, x tick'; y = &nlines - _n_;
                  end;
               color = &tickcol;

               end;

            * put i= text= position=;

            *------output label------;
            if text ne ' ' then output &tempdat1;

            end;

         end;

      if iwhile >= &ls and symget('abort') ne '1' then do;
         put 'ERROR: The frame location algorithm is confused.';
         call symput('abort','1');
         stop;
         end;

      end;

   *------read the labels------;
   else do;

      *------bring in the extra observations------;
      %if &allblank or &botblank or &exttypes ne %then %do;
         eofextra = 0;
         p = '+'; tx = .; ty = .; yshift = .; xshift = .;
         text = ' '; n = 0; lines = 0;
         do while(not eofextra);
            set &extraobs(keep=__:) end=eofextra;
            comment = 'extra,';
            if n(__xvar,__yvar) = 2 then link process;
            n = n + 1;
            end;
         %end;

      *------skip past headers, determine point count------;
      do until(eof or index(line,'Number of Points'));
         if not eof then input line $char&ls..;
         npoints = input(scan(line, 5),?? 32.);
         end;

      do until(eof or
               index(line,'then each segment is printed separately.'));
         if not eof then input line $char&ls..;
         end;

      sumh  = 0; sumv  = 0; sumx = 0; sumy = 0; sumx2 = 0; sumy2 = 0;
      sumxh = 0; sumyv = 0; nobs = 0;
      midh  = &actualls / 2; midv = &actualps / 2;
      midx  = (&hmax + &hmin) / 2; midy = (&vmax + &vmin) / 2;
      %if &hlogscal %then %do;
         midx = (log10(&hmax) + log10(&hmin)) / 2;
         %end;
      %if &vlogscal %then %do;
         midy = (log10(&vmax) + log10(&vmin)) / 2;
         %end;

      *------read the labels------;
      if not eof then do pointn = 1 to npoints;

         comment = 'list,';
         if _error_ = 1 then put _all_;
         input line $ line $ line $ line $ @@;
         if      line = 'CENTER' then p = '+';
         else if line = 'LEFT'   then p = '<';
         else                         p = '>';
         input lines ty tx yshift xshift text $ i n;

         i = n;
         set &preproc(keep=__:) point=i;

         link process;

         end;

      *------least-squares slope and intercept------;
      b = .; a = .;
      if nobs > 0 then do;
         d = sumx - nobs * midx; b = nobs * sumx2 - d * d;
         if abs(b) < &singular then b = 0;
         else b = (nobs * sumxh - d * (sumh - nobs * midh)) / b;
         a = sumh / nobs - b * sumx / nobs;
         end;

      call symput('hslope',compress(put(b,best15.)));
      call symput('hinter',compress(put(a,best15.)));

      if nobs > 0 then do;
         d = (sumy - nobs * midy); b = (nobs * sumy2 - d * d);
         if abs(b) < &singular then b = 0;
         else b = (nobs * sumyv - d * (sumv - nobs * midv)) / b;
         a = sumv / nobs - b * sumy / nobs;
         end;

      call symput('vslope',compress(put(b,best15.)));
      call symput('vinter',compress(put(a,best15.)));

      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      stop;

      end;

   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');

   return;

   process: *------handle a point in the plot------;

   type = __stype;

   if n(tx) then do; tx = tx + &left + 1;             x = tx; end;
   if n(ty) then do; ty = ty + 1 + &nlines - ⊥ y = ty; end;
   colorset = 0;

   *------random colors------;
   %if &bright ne %then %do;
      array __rou[5] __dummy __roured __rougre __roublu __roupai
            (&rgbround .);
      if type in (&britypes) then do;
         scalar = 2 * min(&bright,abs(255 - &bright));
         do until(red <= 255 and green <= 255 and blue <= 255);
            red   = &bright + (uniform(7) - 0.5) * scalar;
            green = &bright + (uniform(7) - 0.5) * scalar;
            blue  = &bright + (uniform(7) - 0.5) * scalar;
            norm  = (&bright) / mean(red,green,blue);
            green = green * norm; red = red * norm; blue = blue * norm;
            end;
         red   = round(red  ,__rou[2]); green = round(green,__rou[3]);
         blue  = round(blue ,__rou[4]); colorset = 1;
         color = 'CX' || put(red,hex2.) || put(green,hex2.) ||
                 put(blue,hex2.);
         end;

      %end;

   %else %if &red ne or &green ne or &blue ne or &paintvar ne %then %do;
      if type in (&rgbtypes) then do;
         color = __color;
         if color ne ' ' then colorset = 1;
         end;
      %end;

   *------store full label------;
   if lines then do;
      input line $ @@;
      input @1 line $char&actualls..;
      end;

   else do;
      line = compress('('||type||',') || ' ' ||
             compress(put(n,5.)||')');
      end;

   *------set colors, sizes, and so on for symbols------;
   if not colorset then color = __scolor;
   size  = __ssize; style = __sfont;
   if text = 'NONE' then text = ' ';
   %if not &symcon %then %str(text = __symbol;);

   *------contour plots------;
   if type = 'contour' then function = 'SYMBOL';
   else function = 'LABEL';

   *------output list info to lines data set------;
   if type =: 'vector' or type =: 'circle' then do;
      comment = trim(comment) || ' ' || trim(type) || ', ' || line;
      output &tempdat2;
      end;

   *------output list info to text data set------;
   if text ne ' ' and type ne 'dummy' then do;
      position = '+';
      comment  = trim(scan(comment,1,' ')) || ' text, ' ||
                 trim(type) || ', ' || line;
      output &tempdat1;
      end;

   *------intermediate results for slope, intercept------;
   if n(tx,ty,__xvar,__yvar) = 4 then do;
      sumh  = sumh + tx;      sumv  = sumv + ty;
      sumx  = sumx + __xvar;  sumy  = sumy + __yvar;
      d     = __xvar - midx;  sumx2 = sumx2 + d * d;
      sumxh = sumxh + (tx - midh) * d;
      d     = __yvar - midy;  sumy2 = sumy2 + d * d;
      sumyv = sumyv + (ty - midv) * d; nobs = nobs + 1;
      * put sumh= tx= sumv= ty= sumx= __xvar= sumy= __yvar=
            midx= sumx2= sumxh= midy= sumy2= sumyv= nobs=;
      end;

   *------handle the label fragments------;
   if lines then do;

      if not colorset then color = __lcolor;
      size  = __lsize; style = __lfont;

      position = p;
      comment  = trim(scan(comment,1,' ')) || ' text, label, ' ||
                 trim(type) || ', ' || line;
      shift    = floor(&singular + (lines - 1) / 2);

      do i = 1 to lines;
         input @1 text $char&ls..;
         if text ne ' ' and type ne 'dummy' then do;
            x = tx + xshift; y = 1 + ty + yshift + shift - i;
            output &tempdat1;
            end;
         end;
      end;

   return;

   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

%if &dbprint %then  %do;
   proc print data=&tempdat1;
      title3 "&tempdat1 - temporary data set - text";
      run;
   proc print data=&tempdat2;
      title3 "&tempdat2 - temporary data set - lines";
      run;
   %if &curve %then %do;
      proc print data=®dat;
         title3 "®dat - raw regression data set for curve fitting";
         run;
      %end;
   title3;
   %end;

*------tick mark based slope and intercept------;
%if &intrtick or not &intrls %then %do;
   data _null_;
      merge &out(where=(index(substr(comment,1,12),'tick'))
                 keep=ty tx comment)
            &tempdat1(where=(index(comment,'tick')) keep=text comment);

      if n(ty) then ty = &nlines - ty;
      data = input(text,?? &tickfor);

      if (&hlogscal and n(tx)) or (&vlogscal and n(ty)) then do;
         if data > 0 then data = log10(data);
         else data = .;
         end;

      oldty = lag(ty); oldtx = lag(tx); olddata = lag(data);

      if n(data,olddata) = 2 then do;
         den = data - olddata;
         if abs(den) > &singular then do;
            if n(oldty,ty) = 2 then do;
               b = (ty - oldty) / den; a = ty - b * data;
               call symput('vslope',compress(put(b,best15.)));
               call symput('vinter',compress(put(a,best15.)));
               end;
            if n(oldtx,tx) = 2 then do;
               b = (tx - oldtx) / den; a = tx - b * data - &col1 + 1;
               call symput('hslope',compress(put(b,best15.)));
               call symput('hinter',compress(put(a,best15.)));
               end;
            end;
         end;

      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;
   %end;

*------switch top and bottom to annotate coordinates------;
%let top    = %eval(&nlines - &top);
%let bottom = %eval(&nlines - &bottom);

*------make goptions statement------;
%let gopts2 = &gopts2 hpos=&hpos vpos=&vpos;
%let gopts2 = &gopts2 hsize=&hsize&unit vsize=&vsize&unit;
%if &method = print
   %then %let gopts2 = &gopts2 &gopprint;
   %else %let gopts2 = &gopts2 &gopplot;
%let gopts  = &gopts2 &gopts;
%let comlen = %length(&gopts);
%if &comlen < 100 %then %let comlen = 100;
%if &comlen > 200 %then %let comlen = 200;

*------debugging output------;
%if &dbyes %then
   %dump(abort top bottom gopts comlen hslope hinter vslope vinter);

*=================create annotate data set with lines=================;

data &out(keep=function x y comment color size style n);

   file log ps=&logps;
   length comment $ &comlen function color $ 8;
   retain left right top bottom curven -1 tickaxes "&tickaxes"
          vtoh &vtoh vinter &vinter hinter &hinter hslope &hslope
          vslope &vslope;
   array lsizes[5] _temporary_ (&lsizes);

   if _n_ = 1 then do;

      *------check slope, intercept------;
      if n(hinter,vinter,hslope,vslope) ne 4 then do;
         put 'ERROR: Plot algorithm failed. ' ' Coordinates could '
             'not be ' 'computed. ' ' Vertically printing '
             'ticks is a ' 'possible cause. ' ' Another '
             'explanation ' 'is no locate list ' 'was available. '
             ' Look ' 'at the ' 'printer plot ' 'to check.';
         call symput('abort','1');
         stop;
         end;

      *------how far should plot be extended?------;
      extendl = input(symget('extendl'), ?? 32.);
      extendr = input(symget('extendr'), ?? 32.);
      extendt = input(symget('extendt'), ?? 32.);
      extendb = input(symget('extendb'), ?? 32.);

      *------symbol size adjustment for contour plots------;
      contour = sqrt(&nobs) - 1;
      if contour > &singular then
         contour = abs(&hslope) * (&hmax - &hmin + (&hmax - &hmin) /
                   contour) / (sqrt(&nobs) * &vtoh);
      else contour = .;
      call symput('contour',compress(put(contour,best15.)));
      if n(contour) then contour = contour * 0.625;

      *------optionally close up all white space------;
      if &close then do;
         if n(contour) then do;
            extendl = extendl + &left - (&hinter + &hslope * &hmin) +
                      &vtoh * contour;
            extendr = extendr + (&hinter + &hslope * &hmax) - &right +
                      &vtoh * contour;
            extendt = extendt + (&vinter + &vslope * &vmax) - &top +
                      contour;
            extendb = extendb + &bottom - (&vinter + &vslope * &vmin) +
                      contour;
            end;

         call symput('extendl',compress(put(extendl,best15.)));
         call symput('extendr',compress(put(extendr,best15.)));
         call symput('extendt',compress(put(extendt,best15.)));
         call symput('extendb',compress(put(extendb,best15.)));
         end;

      *------final locations of the axes------;
      left = &left - extendl; right  = &right  + extendr;
      top  = &top  + extendt; bottom = &bottom - extendb;

      *------draw frame (outer box)------;
      color    = &framecol; size = lsizes[1];
      function = 'MOVE'; y = top;
      comment  = 'frame, box, left top start'; x = left;   output;
      function = 'DRAW';
      comment  = 'frame, box, left bottom';    y = bottom; output;
      comment  = 'frame, box, right bottom';   x = right;  output;
      if &frame then do;
         comment = 'frame, box, right top';    y = top;    output;
         comment = 'frame, box, left top';     x = left;   output;
         end;

      *------vertical axis reference lines------;
      %if %nrbquote(&vref) ne %then %do;
         do __yvar = &vref;
            y = vinter + vslope * __yvar; temp = __yvar;
            if abs(temp) < &singular * (&vmax - &vmin) then temp = 0;
            comment = 'frame, vref, ' || compress(put(temp,best12.));
            if bottom + 0.125 < y < top - 0.125 then do;
               x = left;  function = 'MOVE'; output;
               x = right; function = 'DRAW'; output;
               end;
            end;
         %end;

      *------horizontal axis reference lines------;
      %if %nrbquote(&href) ne %then %do;
         do __xvar = &href;
            x = hinter + hslope * __xvar; temp = __xvar;
            if abs(temp) < &singular * (&hmax - &hmin) then temp = 0;
            comment = 'frame, href, ' || compress(put(temp,best12.));
            if left + 0.25 < x < right - 0.25 then do;
               y = top;    function = 'MOVE'; output;
               y = bottom; function = 'DRAW'; output;
               end;
            end;
         %end;

      *------vertical axis minor tick marks------;
      %if %nrbquote(&vminor) ne %then %do;
         halftick = 0.25 * abs(&ticklen); size = lsizes[2];
         do __yvar = &vminor;
            y = vinter + vslope * __yvar;
            if bottom + 0.125 < y < top - 0.125 then do;
               if index(tickaxes,"l") then do;
                  comment = 'frame, tick, minor, left';
                  x = left;            function = 'MOVE'; output;
                  x = left - halftick; function = 'DRAW'; output;
                  end;
               if index(tickaxes,"r") then do;
                  comment = 'frame, tick, minor, right';
                  x = right;            function = 'MOVE'; output;
                  x = right + halftick; function = 'DRAW'; output;
                  end;
               end;
            end;
         %end;

      *------horizontal axis minor tick marks------;
      %if %nrbquote(&hminor) ne %then %do;
         halftick = 0.25 * abs(&ticklen) / vtoh; size = lsizes[2];
         do __xvar = &hminor;
            x = hinter + hslope * __xvar;
            if left + 0.25 < x < right - 0.25 then do;
               if index(tickaxes,"b") then do;
                  comment = 'frame, tick, minor, bottom';
                  y = bottom;            function = 'MOVE'; output;
                  y = bottom - halftick; function = 'DRAW'; output;
                  end;
               if index(tickaxes,"t") then do;
                  comment = 'frame, tick, minor, top';
                  y = top;            function = 'MOVE'; output;
                  y = top + halftick; function = 'DRAW'; output;
                  end;
               end;
            end;
         %end;

      end;

   set &out &tempdat2(in=td2)
       %if &curve %then ®dat(obs=&cursegs in=inregdat);;

   *------uncategorize symbol locations------;
   i = (&intrtick or &intrls) and td2 and not (comment =: 'frame');
   if i or (nmiss(tx) and n(__xvar)) then tx = hinter + hslope * __xvar;
   if i or (nmiss(ty) and n(__yvar)) then ty = vinter + vslope * __yvar;

   *------figure out curve coordinates------;
   %if &curve %then %do;

      if inregdat then do;
         retain justdraw oldx . oldy patho 0;

         comment = 'curve'; color = &curvecol; curven = curven + 1;
         size    = lsizes[5]; text = ' '; n = curven;
         x2 = hinter + hslope * &hplotvar;
         y2 = vinter + vslope * &appvar1;
         %if &hlogscal %then %do;
            x2 = hinter + hslope * log10(&hplotvar);
            %end;
         %if &vlogscal %then %do;
            y2 = vinter + vslope * log10(&appvar1);
            %end;

         if nmiss(oldx) then do; x1 = x2;   y1 = y2;   oldx = 0; end;
         else                do; x1 = oldx; y1 = oldy; end;
         oldx = x2; oldy = y2;
         if abs(y2) > 1e5 and patho < 10 then do;
            patho = patho + 1;
            put 'WARNING: Extreme pathology suspected.';
            end;
         link clipline;
         end;

      else
      %end;

   if comment = 'frame, tick' then do;

      color = &framecol; size = lsizes[2];
      halftick = 0.5 * abs(&ticklen);
      ticklen  = (1 + (&ticklen > 0)) * halftick;

      *------adjust for blank cols------;
      if n(tx) then tx = tx - &col1 + 1;

      *------draw y-axis tick marks------;
      if nmiss(tx) then do;

         y = &nlines - ty;

         if bottom <= y <= top then do;

            if index(tickaxes,"L") then do;
               comment = 'frame, tick, left';
               x = left - halftick; function = 'MOVE'; output;
               x = x    + ticklen;  function = 'DRAW'; output;
               end;

            if index(tickaxes,"R") then do;
               comment = 'frame, tick, right';
               x = right + halftick; function = 'MOVE'; output;
               x = x     - ticklen;  function = 'DRAW'; output;
               end;

            end;

         end;

      *------draw x-axis tick marks------;
      else if nmiss(ty) then do;
         halftick = halftick / vtoh; ticklen = ticklen / vtoh; x = tx;

         if left <= x <= right then do;

            if index(tickaxes,"T") then do;
               comment = 'frame, tick, top';
               y = top + halftick; function = 'MOVE'; output;
               y = y   - ticklen;  function = 'DRAW'; output;
               end;

            if index(tickaxes,"B") then do;
               comment = 'frame, tick, bottom';
               y = bottom - halftick; function = 'MOVE'; output;
               y = y      + ticklen;  function = 'DRAW'; output;
               end;

            end;

         end;

      end;

   *------draw vectors------;
   else if index(substr(comment,1,13),'vector') then do;
      size = lsizes[3];

      x = hinter; y = vinter; function = 'MOVE'; output;
      x = tx;     y =  ty;    function = 'DRAW'; output;

      %if &vecheadw ne %then %do;
         r = index(comment,'vector');
         comment = substr(comment,1,r + 7) || 'head,' ||
                   substr(comment,r + 7);

         *------compute slope of vector------;
         vecslope = tx - hinter;
         if abs(vecslope) > &singular
            then vecslope = (ty - vinter) / (vecslope / vtoh);
            else vecslope = .;

         *------find point on vector vecheadr distance from end------;
         r = -&vecheadr; fromx = tx; fromy = ty; link linept;
         fromx = tox; fromy = toy;

         *------slope of line perpendicular to vector------;
         if nmiss(vecslope) then vecslope = 0;
         else if abs(vecslope) > &singular
            then vecslope = -1.0 / vecslope;
            else vecslope = .;

         *------draw vector head------;
         r = -&vecheadw; link linept;
         x = tox; y = toy; function = 'DRAW'; output;
         r = &vecheadw; link linept;
         x = tx;  y = ty;  function = 'MOVE'; output;
         x = tox; y = toy; function = 'DRAW'; output;
         %end;

      end;

   *------draw circles------;
   else if index(substr(comment,1,13),'circle') then do;
      size    = lsizes[4]; comsplit = 15 + (comment =: 'extra');
      holdcom = comment; pi = 3.1415926536;
      do rad = &radii;
         radius  = rad * hslope;
         comment = substr(holdcom,1,comsplit - 1) ||
                   compress(put(rad,best5.) || ',') || ' ' ||
                   compress('(' || put(__xvar,best5.) || ',' ||
                            put(__yvar,best5.) || '),') || ' ' ||
                   substr(holdcom,comsplit);
         i = (&hsize) / (&hpos);
         if "&unit" = 'cm' then i = i / 2.54;
         inc = 2.0 * pi / ceil(20 + (2.0 * pi * radius * i /
                                &cirsegs) ** 0.8);
         justdraw = 0; /* 1 means DRAW without MOVE */
         seg0     = (inc * &singular) ** 2;

         do i = -pi + inc to pi by inc;
            x1 = tx + cos(i - inc) * radius;
            y1 = ty + sin(i - inc) * radius / vtoh;
            x2 = tx + cos(i)       * radius;
            y2 = ty + sin(i)       * radius / vtoh;
            link clipline;
            end;
         end;

      end;

   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   return;

   %if &vecheadw ne %then %do;
      linept: *------find a point (tox,toy) r distance from     ------;
              *------(fromx,fromy) on a line with slope vecslope------;
              *------negative r means toward origin             ------;

      r = r * (&hpos) / (&hsize);
      if "&unit" = 'cm' then r = r * 2.54;
      vecdir = -sign(r);

      if n(vecslope) then do;
         vecm2 = sqrt(r * r / (1.0 + vecslope * vecslope));
         if fromx > hinter then vecm2 = -vecm2;
         tox = vecdir * vecm2 + fromx;
         toy = vecdir * vecslope * vecm2 / vtoh + fromy;
         end;

      else do;
         tox = fromx;
         if fromy > vinter then vecdir = -vecdir;
         toy = vecdir * abs(r) / vtoh + fromy;
         end;

      return;
      %end;

   clipline: *------clip a line that crosses an edge------;

   *------find where line crosses edges------;
   b = (x2 - x1); bi = (y2 - y1);
   xtop = .; xbottom = .; yleft = .; yright = .;

   if abs(b) > &singular then do;
      b = (y2 - y1) / b; a = y1 - b * x1;
      yleft = b * left + a; yright = b * right + a;
      end;

   if abs(bi) > &singular then do;
      bi = (x2 - x1) / bi; xtop = (top - y1) * bi + x1;
      xbottom = (bottom - y1) * bi + x1;
      end;

   *------adjust coordinates when line crosses edges------;
   if x1 < left   then do; x1 = left;   y1 = yleft;   justdraw = 0; end;
   if x1 > right  then do; x1 = right;  y1 = yright;  justdraw = 0; end;
   if y1 < bottom then do; y1 = bottom; x1 = xbottom; justdraw = 0; end;
   if y1 > top    then do; y1 = top;    x1 = xtop;    justdraw = 0; end;
   if x2 < left   then do; x2 = left;   y2 = yleft;                 end;
   if x2 > right  then do; x2 = right;  y2 = yright;                end;
   if y2 < bottom then do; y2 = bottom; x2 = xbottom;               end;
   if y2 > top    then do; y2 = top;    x2 = xtop;                  end;

   *------see if segment should be output------;
   if n(x1,x2,y1,y2) = 4 and
      ((x2 - x1) ** 2 + (y2 - y1) ** 2) > seg0 then do;

      *------draw line------;
      if not justdraw then do;
         x = x1; y = y1; function = 'MOVE'; output;
         %if &curve %then %do;
            if inregdat then do; curven = curven + 1; n = curven; end;
            %end;
         end;

      x = x2; y = y2; function = 'DRAW'; output;
      justdraw = 1;

      end;

   else justdraw = 0;
   return;

   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

%if &dbprint %then %do;
   proc print data=&out;
      title3 "&out - intermediate results - lines";
      run;
   title3;
   %end;

*======================combine annotate data sets======================;

data &out;

   keep color style function comment x y size text
        position angle n obstype;

   length color style function $ 8 comment $ &comlen
          x y size 8 text $ &actualls position $ 1
          angle n 8 obstype $ 12;

   retain nobs 1 left right top bottom;
   array lsizes[5] _temporary_ (&lsizes);

   if _n_ = 1 then do;
      left = &left - &extendl; right  = &right  + &extendr;
      top  = &top  + &extendt; bottom = &bottom - &extendb;

      *------store goptions with annotate data set------;
      if not &function then do;
         comment = symget('gopts'); n = 0; function = 'COMMENT';
         output;
         end;
      end;

   set %if &linetext %then &out &tempdat1(in=td1);
       %else &tempdat1(in=td1) &out;;

   if comment = 'text, y label' then x = x - &extendl;
   if comment = 'text, title'   then y = y + &extendt;
   if comment = 'text, x label' then y = y - &extendb;
   if comment = 'text, y tick'  then x = x - &extendl;
   if comment = 'text, x tick'  then y = y - &extendb;

   obstype = __otype; len = length(text);

   *------discard clipped ticks if necessary------;
   if comment = 'text, y tick' then do;
      if not (bottom <= y <= top) then return;
      end;

   else if comment = 'text, x tick' then do;
      d = right + floor(&singular + len / 2);
      if not (left <= x <= d) then return;
      end;

   *------uncategorize symbol locations------;
   i = (&intrtick or &intrls) and td1 and
       (comment =: 'list' or comment =: 'extra') and
       not (index(substr(comment,1,18),', text, label'));
   if i or (nmiss(x) and n(__xvar)) then x = &hinter + &hslope * __xvar;
   if i or (nmiss(y) and n(__yvar)) then y = &vinter + &vslope * __yvar;

   *------all angles are zero, except the y-axis label------;
   if nmiss(angle) then angle = 0;

   *------set position if not yet set------;
   if position = ' ' then position = '+';

   *------clip if necessary------;
   %if &clip %then %do;

      if comment =: 'extra, text' or comment =: 'list, text' and
         text ne ' ' then do;
         if y >= top or y <= bottom then return;
         if      position = '<' then d = x - len + 1 - left;
         else if position = '>' then d = x - left;
         else                        d = x - len / 2 - left;
         d = floor(d);
         if d <= 0 then do;
            if (len + d) > 0 then text = substr(text, 1, len + d);
                             else text = ' ';
            len = length(text);
            end;
         if      position = '<' then d = right - x;
         else if position = '>' then d = right - (x + len - 1);
         else                        d = right - (x + len / 2);
         d = floor(d);
         if d <= 0 then do;
            if (len + d) > 0 then text = substr(text, 1, len + d);
                             else text = ' ';
            len = length(text);
            end;
         end;
      %end;

   *------adjust justifications------;
   if      position = '<' then x = x + 0.5;
   else if position = '>' then x = x - 0.5;

   *------set line, text sizes------;
   if nmiss(size) then do;
      if function  = 'LABEL' then size = &tsize;
      else size = lsizes[1];
      end;

   *------set font------;
   if style = ' ' and not (comment =: 'list, text' or
      comment =: 'extra, text') then style = &font;

   *------if color is still not set, set it------;
   if color = ' ' then color = &color;

   *------offset------;
   %if &offset ne and not &function %then %do;
      retain oldx oldy 0 offsetn 1;
      if comment =: 'list, text, symbol' or
         comment =: 'extra, text, symbol' then do;
         if abs(oldx - x) < &singular and
            abs(oldy - y) < &singular then do;
            d = mod(offsetn,3);
            x = x + (d - 3 * (d = 2)) * (&offset);
            d = mod(floor(offsetn / 3),3);
            y = y + (d - 3 * (d = 2)) * (&offset) / (&vtoh);
            offsetn = offsetn + 1;
            end;
         else do;
            offsetn = 1;
            oldx = x;
            oldy = y;
            end;
         end;
      %end;

   *------override colors for monochrome device------;
   %if &monochro ne %then %str(color = &monochro;);

   *------add offsets to center plot                ------;
   *------adjust y so bottom line has coordinate 0.5------;
   x = x + &hposoff; y = y + &vposoff + 0.5;

   *------set ID variable for sort for functions------;
   %if &function %then %do;
      if      comment =: 'list, text, symbol'  then d = 19;
      else if comment =: 'extra, text, symbol' then d = 20;
      else d = 0;
      if d then do;
         comment = 'function, (point' || trim(substr(comment,d)) || ')';
         n = .;
         end;
      else n = _n_;
      %end;

   *------set sizes for contour plots------;
   if function = 'SYMBOL' and style = 'marker' and text = 'U'
      and n(&contour) then size = size * &contour;

   *------final adjustments------;
   %if not &function %then %do; &adjust3; &adjust4; %end;

   output;
   nobs = nobs + 1;
   call symput('nobs',compress(put(nobs,5.)));
   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   return;
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

%if &dbprint %then %do;
   proc print data=&out;
      title3 "&out - final annotate data set";
      run;
   title3;
   %end;

*------post-processing for functions------;
%if &function %then %do;

   proc sort data=&out;
      by n obstype x;
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   data &out;

      keep color style function comment x y size text
           position angle n obstype;

      length color style function $ 8 comment $ &comlen
             x y size 8 text $ &actualls position $ 1
             angle n 8 obstype $ 12;

      if _n_ = 1 then do;
         comment = symget('gopts'); n = 0; function = 'COMMENT';
         output;
         end;

      set &out;
      by n obstype;

      if comment =: 'function' then do;
         if first.obstype then function = 'MOVE';
         else function = 'DRAW';
         n = input(scan(comment,3,' (),'),?? 32.);
         &adjust5;
         end;

      &adjust3; &adjust4;

      output;
      if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

   %if &dbprint %then %do;
      proc print data=&out;
         title3 "&out - annotate data set with functions";
         run;
      title3;
      %end;

   %end;

*===========set up for and produce the graphical scatterplot===========;

goptions &gopts;
filename gsasfile "&post";

*------print final plot request------;
data _null_;
   file log ps=&logps;
   length string $ 200;
   put / 'The following code will create the printer plot:' /;
   string  = "options nonumber formdlim=' ' ls=&ls ps=&actualps;";
   indent1 = 0; indent2 = 8; link wrap;
   string  = symget('procopts'); indent2 = 10; link wrap;
   string  = 'plot ' || trim(symget('plotreq')) || ' /';
   indent1 = 3; indent2 = 8; link wrap;
   string  = trim(symget('plotopts')) || ' list=1';
   indent1 = 8; link wrap;
   string  = trim(symget('pl')) || ';'; link wrap;
   string  = trim(symget('label')) || ';';
   indent1 = 3; indent2 = 9; link wrap;
   string  = trim(symget('adjust2')) || ';'; link wrap;
   put +3 'run; quit;' /;
   put 'The plot was created with the following goptions:' /;
   string  = 'goptions ' || symget('gopts') || ';';
   indent1 = 0; link wrap;
   put / "The OUT=&out Annotate data set has &nobs observations.";
   if symget('method') = 'print'
      then put "The graphics stream file name is &post..";

   if &dbtime then do;
      time = time();
      cum  = put(time - &start,6.1);
      put 'The PLOTIT macro used ' cum "seconds to create OUT=&out..";
      end;

   if _error_ then call symput('abort','1');
   return;

   wrap: *------print a line, wrapped and indented------;

   string = left(string); len = length(string);
   if len < 2 or string = ' ' or string = ';' then return;
   i = index(string,' '||' ');
   do while(i < (len - 1));
      string = substr(string,1,i - 1) || substr(string,i + 1);
      len    = length(string); i = index(string,' '||' ');
      end;
   i = index(string,' ;');
   if i then string = substr(string,1,i - 1) || substr(string,i + 1);

   len = 1; end = 0; indent = indent1 + 1;

   do while(len > end);
      string = left(substr(string,end + 1)); len = length(string);
      maxlen = &restorls - indent;
      if len > maxlen then do;
         end = maxlen;
         do while(end > 0 and not (substr(string,end,1) in (' ' ',')));
            end = end - 1;
            end;
         end;
      else end = len;
      str = substr(string,1,end);
      put @indent str;
      indent = indent2 + 1;
      end;
   return;
   run;

%if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1; %if &abort %then %goto endit;

*------produce the plot------;
%if &method = gplot or &method = print %then %do;

   %if &method = print %then %str(options notes;);

   proc ganno annotate=&out %if &gout ne %then gout=&gout;;
      run;

   %if &syserr > 4 %then %let abort = 1;

   %end;

%endit: *------restore options, quit------;
options notes;
%if &dbmprint %then %str(options nomprint;);

%if &abort %then %put ERROR: The PLOTIT macro ended abnormally.;

%mend plotit;

*------debugging routine to dump out macro variables------;
%macro dump(stuff);

%let i = 1;
%let word = %scan(&stuff,1);
%do %while(&word ne);
   %put &word=&&&word...;
   %let i = %eval(&i + 1);
   %let word = %scan(&stuff,&i);
   %end;

%mend dump;