*********************************************************************** This file contains programs and data sets from the book, "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling" by Larry Hatcher, Ph.D., and Edward J. Stepanski, Ph.D. Copyright (C) 1994 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. SAS(R) is a registered trademark of SAS Institute Inc. SAS Institute does not assume responsibility for the accuracy of any material presented in this file. /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Date Last Updated: 21Jun04 */ /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ *********************************************************************** -------------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 1 -------------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 17 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V6) (1.) ; 3 CARDS; 4 556754 5 567343 6 777222 7 . 8 . 9 . 10 767151 11 455323 12 455544 13 ; 14 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 15 SIMPLE 16 METHOD=PRIN 17 PRIORS=ONE 18 MINEIGEN=1 19 SCREE 20 ROTATE=VARIMAX 21 ROUND 22 FLAG=.40 ; 23 VAR V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6; 24 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 33 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 2 SIMPLE 3 METHOD=PRIN 4 PRIORS=ONE 5 NFACT=2 6 ROTATE=VARIMAX 7 ROUND 8 FLAG=.40 9 OUT=D2 ; 10 VAR V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6; 11 RUN; 12 13 PROC CORR DATA=D2; 14 VAR FACTOR1 FACTOR2; 15 WITH V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 FACTOR1 FACTOR2; 16 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 43 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1(TYPE=CORR) ; 2 INPUT _TYPE_ $ 3 _NAME_ $ 4 V1-V12 ; 5 CARDS; 6 N . 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 7 STD . 2.48 2.39 2.58 3.12 2.80 3.14 2.92 2.50 2.10 2.14 1.83 2.26 8 CORR V1 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . 9 CORR V2 .69 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . 10 CORR V3 .60 .79 1.00 . . . . . . . . . 11 CORR V4 .62 .47 .48 1.00 . . . . . . . . 12 CORR V5 .03 .04 .16 .09 1.00 . . . . . . . 13 CORR V6 .05 -.04 .08 .05 .91 1.00 . . . . . . 14 CORR V7 .14 .05 .06 .12 .82 .89 1.00 . . . . . 15 CORR V8 .23 .13 .16 .21 .70 .72 .82 1.00 . . . . 16 CORR V9 -.17 -.07 -.04 -.05 -.33 -.26 -.38 -.45 1.00 . . . 17 CORR V10 -.10 -.08 .07 .15 -.16 -.20 -.27 -.34 .45 1.00 . . 18 CORR V11 -.24 -.19 -.26 -.28 -.43 -.37 -.53 -.57 .60 .22 1.00 . 19 CORR V12 -.11 -.07 .07 .08 -.10 -.13 -.23 -.31 .44 .60 .26 1.00 20 ; 21 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 22 METHOD=PRIN 23 PRIORS=ONE 24 MINEIGEN=1 25 SCREE 26 ROTATE=VARIMAX 27 ROUND 28 FLAG=.40 ; 29 VAR V1-V12; 30 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 2 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 76 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V6) (1.) 3 @8 (COMMIT) (2.) ; 4 CARDS; 5 776122 24 6 776111 28 7 111425 4 8 . 9 . 10 . 11 433344 15 12 557332 20 13 655222 13 14 ; 15 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 16 SIMPLE 17 METHOD=PRIN 18 PRIORS=SMC 19 NFACT=2 20 SCREE 21 ROTATE=PROMAX 22 ROUND 23 FLAG=.40 ; 24 VAR V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6; 25 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 98 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 2 SIMPLE 3 METHOD=PRIN 4 PRIORS=SMC 5 NFACT=2 6 ROTATE=PROMAX 7 ROUND 8 FLAG=.40 9 OUT=D2 ; 10 VAR V1-V6 ; 11 RUN; 12 13 PROC CORR DATA=D2; 14 VAR COMMIT FACTOR1 FACTOR2; 15 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 102 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 2 SIMPLE 3 METHOD=PRIN 4 PRIORS=SMC 5 NFACT=2 6 ROTATE=PROMAX 7 ROUND 8 FLAG=.40 9 OUT=D2 ; 10 VAR V1-V6 ; 11 RUN; 12 13 14 DATA D3; 15 SET D2; 16 17 INVEST = (V1 + V2 + V3); 18 ALTERN = (V4 + V5 + V6); 19 20 PROC CORR DATA=D3; 21 VAR COMMIT FACTOR1 FACTOR2 INVEST ALTERN; 22 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 110 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC FACTOR DATA=D1 2 SIMPLE 3 METHOD=ML 4 PRIORS=SMC 5 NFACT=1 6 SCREE 7 ROTATE=PROMAX 8 ROUND 9 FLAG=.40 ; 10 VAR VALUES ABILIT ASSESS STRAT EXPER ORGCHAR RESOCCU 11 RESEMPL GOALS BARRIER MOTIVAT RESUMES LETREC 12 DIRECT APPLIC IDENEMP CARDEV AGENCY FAIRS 13 ADVERT COUNS UNADV NETWORK INTERV SALARY ; 14 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 3 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 135 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V6) (1.) ; 3 CARDS; 4 556754 5 567343 6 777222 7 . 8 . 9 . 10 767151 11 455323 12 455544 13 ; 14 PROC CORR DATA=D1 ALPHA NOMISS; 15 VAR V1 V2 V3 V4; 16 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 4 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 164 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ /* ERRATA: */ /* The correlation matrix on page 164 contains one */ /* error: the book incorrectly reports that the */ /* correlation between V1 and V6 is -.6929; */ /* the correct correlation is actually -.6129 */ /* The following program contains the corrected */ /* correlation matrix. */ DATA D1(TYPE=CORR) ; INPUT _TYPE_ $ _NAME_ $ V1-V6 ; LABEL V1 ='COMMITMENT' V2 ='SATISFACTION' V3 ='REWARDS' V4 ='COSTS' V5 ='INVESTMENTS' V6 ='ALTERNATIVES' ; CARDS; N . 240 240 240 240 240 240 STD . 2.3192 1.7744 1.2525 1.4086 1.5575 1.8701 CORR V1 1.0000 . . . . . CORR V2 .6742 1.0000 . . . . CORR V3 .5501 .6721 1.0000 . . . CORR V4 -.3499 -.5717 -.4405 1.0000 . . CORR V5 .6444 .5234 .5346 -.1854 1.0000 . CORR V6 -.6129 -.4952 -.4061 .3525 -.3934 1.0000 ; PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; LINEQS V1 = PV1V2 V2 + PV1V5 V5 + PV1V6 V6 + E1, V2 = PV2V3 V3 + PV2V4 V4 + E2; STD E1 = VARE1, E2 = VARE2, V3 = VARV3, V4 = VARV4, V5 = VARV5, V6 = VARV6; COV V3 V4 = CV3V4, V3 V5 = CV3V5, V3 V6 = CV3V6, V4 V5 = CV4V5, V4 V6 = CV4V6, V5 V6 = CV5V6; VAR V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 ; RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 212 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 20 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 21 LINEQS 22 V1 = PV1V2 V2 + PV1V5 V5 + PV1V6 V6 + E1, 23 V2 = PV2V3 V3 + PV2V4 V4 + PV2V5 V5 + E2; 24 STD 25 E1 = VARE1, 26 E2 = VARE2, 27 V3 = VARV3, 28 V4 = VARV4, 29 V5 = VARV5, 30 V6 = VARV6; 31 COV 32 V3 V4 = CV3V4, 33 V3 V5 = CV3V5, 34 V3 V6 = CV3V6, 35 V4 V5 = CV4V5, 36 V4 V6 = CV4V6, 37 V5 V6 = CV5V6; 38 VAR V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 ; 39 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 239 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1(TYPE=CORR) ; 2 INPUT _TYPE_ $ _NAME_ $ V1-V7; 3 LABEL 4 V1 ='REPORT' 5 V2 ='EXPECTED_OUTCOMES' 6 V3 ='FEMINIST' 7 V4 ='SERIOUSNESS' 8 V5 ='MARKETABILITY' 9 V6 ='AGE' 10 V7 ='NORMS' ; 11 CARDS; 12 N . 202 202 202 202 202 202 202 13 STD . 2.0355 1.4500 0.4393 2.1873 2.7433 4.0513 1.0552 14 CORR V1 1.0000 . . . . . . 15 CORR V2 .4815 1.0000 . . . . . 16 CORR V3 -.0306 .0014 1.0000 . . . . 17 CORR V4 .1458 .1683 .1148 1.0000 . . . 18 CORR V5 .0479 .1939 .0128 .0599 1.0000 . . 19 CORR V6 -.0302 -.1165 .1479 .1061 -.0998 1.0000 . 20 CORR V7 .3952 .3700 .0512 .2486 .1275 .0606 1.0000 21 ; 22 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 23 LINEQS 24 V1 = PV1V2 V2 + PV1V3 V3 + PV1V7 V7 + E1, 25 V2 = PV2V3 V3 + PV2V4 V4 + PV2V5 V5 + PV2V6 V6 + PV2V7 V7 + E2; 26 STD 27 E1 = VARE1, 28 E2 = VARE2, 29 V3 = VARV3, 30 V4 = VARV4, 31 V5 = VARV5, 32 V6 = VARV6, 33 V7 = VARV7; 34 COV 35 V3 V4 = CV3V4, 36 V3 V5 = CV3V5, 37 V3 V6 = CV3V6, 38 V3 V7 = CV2V7, 39 V4 V5 = CV4V5, 40 V4 V6 = CV4V6, 41 V4 V7 = CV4V7, 42 V5 V6 = CV5V6, 43 V5 V7 = CV5V7, 44 V6 V7 = CV6V7; 45 VAR V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 ; --------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 5 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 274 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ /* ERRATA: */ /* The correlation matrix on page 274 contains */ /* three errors: */ /* 1) The book incorrectly reports that the */ /* standard deviation for V5 is 1.926; the correct */ /* standard deviation is actually 1.929. */ /* 2) The book incorrectly reports that the */ /* correlation between V10 and V13 is -.033; the */ /* correct correlation is actually -.003. */ /* 3) The book incorrectly reports that the */ /* correlation between V16 and V19 is -.803; the */ /* correct correlation is actually -.083. */ /* The following program contains the corrected */ /* correlation matrix. */ DATA D1(TYPE=CORR); INPUT _TYPE_ $ _NAME_ $ V1-V19; CARDS; N . 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 STD . 2.486 2.909 2.724 2.926 1.929 2.113 2.056 1.417 1.408 1.724 2.595 2.691 2.360 2.102 2.219 1.874 2.001 1.966 2.185 CORR V1 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V2 .734 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V3 .819 .786 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V4 .672 .732 .751 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V5 .514 .362 .496 .471 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V6 .534 .346 .452 .452 .713 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V7 .522 .345 .507 .546 .720 .764 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V8 .346 .293 .341 .294 .337 .375 .285 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . . CORR V9 .209 .147 .167 .214 .251 .306 .357 .390 1.000 . . . . . . . . . . CORR V10 .349 .241 .287 .236 .282 .351 .304 .506 .492 1.000 . . . . . . . . . CORR V11 .051 .082 .005 -.038 -.161 -.166 -.117 -.091 -.055 -.063 1.000 . . . . . . . . CORR V12 -.040 .013 -.057 -.090 -.189 -.150 -.190 -.102 -.036 -.018 .714 1.000 . . . . . . . CORR V13 -.029 -.012 -.066 -.023 -.110 -.101 -.083 -.043 .055 -.003 .379 .403 1.000 . . . . . . CORR V14 .559 .428 .581 .485 .433 .451 .470 .305 .345 .333 .003 -.005 .043 1.000 . . . . . CORR V15 .434 .322 .454 .424 .472 .418 .415 .205 .231 .241 - .037 .007 -.062 .595 1.000 . . . . CORR V16 .375 .326 .431 .311 .253 .256 .225 .157 .151 .140 .093 .022 .054 .457 .410 1.000 . . . CORR V17 -.141 -.075 -.145 -.275 -.300 -.282 -.305 -.198 -.200 -.188 .226 .216 .051 -.220 -.256 -.065 1.000 . . CORR V18 -.135 -.184 -.154 -.266 -.192 -.184 -.204 -.158 -.133 -.243 .132 .119 .107 -.144 -.149 -.074 .529 1.000 . CORR V19 -.167 -.142 -.145 -.327 -.234 -.209 -.251 -.288 -.298 -.220 .147 .142 .076 -.179 -.202 -.083 .460 .572 1.000 ; PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; LINEQS V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, V3 = LV3F1 F1 + E3, V4 = LV4F1 F1 + E4, V5 = LV5F2 F2 + E5, V6 = LV6F2 F2 + E6, V7 = LV7F2 F2 + E7, V8 = LV8F3 F3 + E8, V9 = LV9F3 F3 + E9, V10 = LV10F3 F3 + E10, V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, V12 = LV12F4 F4 + E12, V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, V14 = LV14F5 F5 + E14, V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, V17 = LV17F6 F6 + E17, V18 = LV18F6 F6 + E18, V19 = LV19F6 F6 + E19; STD F1 = 1, F2 = 1, F3 = 1, F4 = 1, F5 = 1, F6 = 1, E1-E19 = VARE1-VARE19; COV F1 F2 = CF1F2, F1 F3 = CF1F3, F1 F4 = CF1F4, F1 F5 = CF1F5, F1 F6 = CF1F6, F2 F3 = CF2F3, F2 F4 = CF2F4, F2 F5 = CF2F5, F2 F6 = CF2F6, F3 F4 = CF3F4, F3 F5 = CF3F5, F3 F6 = CF3F6, F4 F5 = CF4F5, F4 F6 = CF4F6, F5 F6 = CF5F6; VAR V1-V19; RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 6 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 358 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, 5 V3 = F1 + E3, 6 V5 = LV5F2 F2 + E5, 7 V6 = LV6F2 F2 + E6, 8 V7 = F2 + E7, 9 V8 = LV8F3 F3 + E8, 10 V9 = LV9F3 F3 + E9, 11 V10 = F3 + E10, 12 V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, 13 V12 = F4 + E12, 14 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 15 V14 = F5 + E14, 16 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 17 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 18 V17 = LV17F6 F6 + E17, 19 V18 = F6 + E18, 20 V19 = LV19F6 F6 + E19, 21 F1 = PF1F2 F2 + PF1F5 F5 + PF1F6 F6 + D1, 22 F2 = PF2F3 F3 + PF2F4 F4 + D2; 23 STD 24 E1-E3 = VARE1-VARE3, 25 E5-E19 = VARE5-VARE19, 26 F3-F6 = VARF3-VARF6, 27 D1-D2 = VARD1-VARD2; 28 COV 29 F3 F4 = CF3F4, 30 F3 F5 = CF3F5, 31 F3 F6 = CF3F6, 32 F4 F5 = CF4F5, 33 F4 F6 = CF4F6, 34 F5 F6 = CF5F6; 35 VAR V1 V2 V3 V5-V19 ; 36 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 387 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, 5 V3 = LV3F1 F1 + E3, 6 V5 = LV5F2 F2 + E5, 7 V6 = LV6F2 F2 + E6, 8 V7 = LV7F2 F2 + E7, 9 V8 = LV8F3 F3 + E8, 10 V9 = LV9F3 F3 + E9, 11 V10 = LV10F3 F3 + E10, 12 V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, 13 V12 = LV12F4 F4 + E12, 14 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 15 V14 = LV14F5 F5 + E14, 16 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 17 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 18 V17 = LV17F6 F6 + E17, 19 V18 = LV18F6 F6 + E18, 20 V19 = LV19F6 F6 + E19; 21 STD 22 F1 = 1, 23 F2 = 1, 24 F3 = 1, 25 F4 = 1, 26 F5 = 1, 27 F6 = 1, 28 E1-E3 = VARE1-VARE3, 29 E5-E19 = VARE5-VARE19; 30 COV 31 F1 F2 = 0, 32 F1 F3 = 0, 33 F1 F4 = 0, 34 F1 F5 = 0, 35 F1 F6 = 0, 36 F2 F3 = 0, 37 F2 F4 = 0, 38 F2 F5 = 0, 39 F2 F6 = 0, 40 F3 F4 = 0, 41 F3 F5 = 0, 42 F3 F6 = 0, 43 F4 F5 = 0, 44 F4 F6 = 0, 45 F5 F6 = 0; 46 VAR V1 V2 V3 V5-V19 ; 47 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 398 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, 5 V3 = F1 + E3, 6 V5 = LV5F2 F2 + E5, 7 V6 = LV6F2 F2 + E6, 8 V7 = F2 + E7, 9 V8 = LV8F3 F3 + E8, 10 V9 = LV9F3 F3 + E9, 11 V10 = F3 + E10, 12 V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, 13 V12 = F4 + E12, 14 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 15 V14 = F5 + E14, 16 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 17 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 18 V17 = LV17F6 F6 + E17, 19 V18 = F6 + E18, 20 V19 = LV19F6 F6 + E19, 21 F1 = PF1F2 F2 + PF1F5 F5 + D1, 22 F2 = PF2F3 F3 + PF2F4 F4 + D2; 23 STD 24 E1-E3 = VARE1-VARE3, 25 E5-E19 = VARE5=VARE19, 26 F3-F6 = VARF3-VARF6, 27 D1-D2 = VARD1-VARD2; 28 COV 29 F3 F4 = CF3F4, 30 F3 F5 = CF3F5, 31 F3 F6 = CF3F6, 32 F4 F5 = CF4F5, 33 F4 F6 = CF4F6, 34 F5 F6 = CF5F6; 35 VAR V1 V2 V3 V5-V19 ; 36 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 426 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, 5 V3 = LV3F1 F1 + E3, 6 V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, 7 V12 = LV12F4 F4 + E12, 8 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 9 V14 = LV14F5 F5 + E14, 10 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 11 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 12 V17 = LV17F6 F6 + E17, 13 V18 = LV18F6 F6 + E18, 14 V19 = LV19F6 F6 + E19; 15 STD 16 V5 = VARV5, 17 V8 = VARV8, 18 F1 = 1, 19 F4 = 1, 20 F5 = 1, 21 F6 = 1, 22 E1-E3 = VARE1-VARE3, 23 E11-E19 = VARE11-VARE19; 24 COV 25 F1 V5 = CF1V5, 26 F1 V8 = CF1V8, 27 F1 F4 = CF1F4, 28 F1 F5 = CF1F5, 29 F1 F6 = CF1F6, 30 V5 V8 = CV5V8, 31 V5 F4 = CV5F4, 32 V5 F5 = CV5F5, 33 V5 F6 = CV5F6, 34 V8 F4 = CV8F4, 35 V8 F5 = CV8F5, 36 V8 F6 = CV8F6, 37 F4 F5 = CF4F5, 38 F4 F6 = CF4F6, 39 F5 F6 = CF5F6; 40 VAR V1-V3 V11-V19; 41 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 429 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, 5 V3 = F1 + E3, 6 V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, 7 V12 = F4 + E12, 8 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 9 V14 = F5 + E14, 10 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 11 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 12 V17 = LV17F6 F6 + E17, 13 V18 = F6 + E18, 14 V19 = LV19F6 F6 + E19, 15 F1 = PF1V5 V5 + PF1F5 F5 + PF1F6 F6 + D1, 16 V5 = PV5V8 V8 + PV5F4 F4 + E5; 17 STD 18 V8 = VARV8, 19 E1-E3 = VARE1-VARE3, 20 E5 = VARE5, 21 E11-E19 = VARE11-VARE19, 22 F4-F6 = VARF4-VARF6, 23 D1 = VARD1; 24 COV 25 V8 F4 = CV8F4, 26 V8 F5 = CV8F5, 27 V8 F6 = CV8F6, 28 F4 F5 = CF4F5, 29 F4 F6 = CF4F6, 30 F5 F6 = CF5F6; 31 VAR V1 V2 V3 V5 V8 V11-V19 ; 32 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 433 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = LV2F1 F1 + E2, 5 V3 = LV3F1 F1 + E3, 6 V4 = LV4F2 F2 + E4, 7 V5 = LV5F2 F2 + E5, 8 V6 = LV6F2 F2 + E6, 9 V7 = LV7F3 F3 + E7, 10 V8 = LV8F3 F3 + E8, 11 V9 = LV9F3 F3 + E9, 12 V10 = LV10F3 F3 + E10, 13 V11 = LV11F4 F4 + E11, 14 V12 = LV12F4 F4 + E12, 15 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 16 V14 = LV14F5 F5 + E14, 17 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 18 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 19 V17 = LV17F5 F5 + E17; 20 STD 21 E1-E17 = VARE1-VARE17, 22 F1 = 1, 23 F2 = 1, 24 F3 = 1, 25 F4 = 1, 26 F5 = 1; 27 COV 28 F1 F2 = CF1F2, 29 F1 F3 = CF1F3, 30 F1 F4 = CF1F4, 31 F1 F5 = CF1F5, 32 F2 F3 = CF2F3, 33 F2 F4 = CF2F4, 34 F2 F5 = CF2F5, 35 F3 F4 = CF3F4, 36 F3 F5 = CF3F5, 37 F4 F5 = CF4F5; 38 VAR V1-V17 ; 39 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 435 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 PROC CALIS COVARIANCE CORR RESIDUAL MODIFICATION ; 2 LINEQS 3 V1 = LV1F1 F1 + E1, 4 V2 = F1 + E2, 5 V3 = LV3F1 F1 + E3, 6 V4 = LV4F2 F2 + E4, 7 V5 = LV5F2 F2 + E5, 8 V6 = F2 + E6, 9 V7 = LV7F3 F3 + E7, 10 V8 = F3 + E8, 11 V9 = LV9F3 F3 + E9, 12 V10 = LV10F3 F3 + E10, 13 V11 = F4 + E11, 14 V12 = LV12F4 F4 + E12, 15 V13 = LV13F4 F4 + E13, 16 V14 = F5 + E14, 17 V15 = LV15F5 F5 + E15, 18 V16 = LV16F5 F5 + E16, 19 F1 = PF1F2 F2 + PF1F3 F3 + PF1F5 F5 + D1, 20 F2 = PF2F3 F3 + PF2F4 F4 + PF2F5 F5 + D2; 21 STD 22 E1-E16 = VARE1-VARE16, 23 F3 = VARF3, 24 F4 = VARF4, 25 F5 = VARF5, 26 D1 = VARD1, 27 D2 = VARD2; 28 COV 29 F3 F4 = CF3F4, 30 F3 F5 = CF3F5, 31 F4 F5 = CF4F5; 32 VAR V1-V16 ; 33 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX A.1 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 443 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ //SMITH JOB IPSYC,SMITH // EXEC SAS DATA D1; INPUT SUBJECT SATV SATM; CARDS; 1 520 490 2 610 590 3 470 450 4 410 390 5 510 460 6 580 350 ; PROC MEANS DATA=D1; VAR SATV SATM; RUN; /*EOF --------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX A.2 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 456 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (V1) (1.) 3 @2 (V2) (1.) 4 @3 (V3) (1.) 5 @4 (V4) (1.) 6 @5 (V5) (1.) 7 @6 (V6) (1.) 8 @7 (V7) (1.) 9 @9 (AGE) (2.) 10 @12 (IQ) (3.) 11 @16 (NUMBER) (2.) ; 12 CARDS; 13 2234243 22 98 1 14 3424325 20 105 2 15 3242424 32 90 3 16 3242323 9 119 4 17 3232143 8 101 5 18 3242242 24 104 6 19 4343525 16 110 7 20 3232324 12 95 8 21 1322424 41 85 9 22 5433224 19 107 10 23 ; 24 25 PROC MEANS DATA=D1; 26 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 464 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 2234243 22 98 1 M 520 490 3424325 20 105 2 M 440 410 3242424 32 90 3 F 390 420 3242323 9 119 4 F 3232143 8 101 5 F 3242242 24 104 6 M 330 340 4343525 16 110 7 F 3232324 12 95 8 M 1322424 41 85 9 M 380 410 5433224 19 107 10 F 640 590 /* The following program is found on p. 469 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V7) (1.); 3 CARDS; 4 0010000 5 1011111 6 0001001 7 0010000 8 1100000 9 ; 10 PROC FREQ DATA=D1; 11 TABLES V1-V7; 12 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 471 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1(TYPE=CORR) ; 2 INPUT _TYPE_ $ _NAME_ $ V1-V6 ; 3 LABEL 4 V1 ='COMMITMENT' 5 V2 ='SATISFACTION' 6 V3 ='REWARDS' 7 V4 ='COSTS' 8 V5 ='INVESTMENTS' 9 V6 ='ALTERNATIVES' ; 10 CARDS; 11 N . 240 240 240 240 240 240 12 STD . 2.3192 1.7744 1.2525 1.4086 1.5575 1.8701 13 CORR V1 1.0000 . . . . . 14 CORR V2 .6742 1.0000 . . . . 15 CORR V3 .5501 .6721 1.0000 . . . 16 CORR V4 -.3499 -.5717 -.4405 1.0000 . . 17 CORR V5 .6444 .5234 .5346 -.1854 1.0000 . 18 CORR V6 -.6929 -.4952 -.4061 .3525 -.3934 1.0000 19 ; /* The following program is found on p. 474 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1(TYPE=COV) ; 2 INPUT _TYPE_ $ _NAME_ $ V1-V6 ; 3 LABEL 4 V1 ='COMMITMENT' 5 V2 ='SATISFACTION' 6 V3 ='REWARDS' 7 V4 ='COSTS' 8 V5 ='INVESTMENTS' 9 V6 ='ALTERNATIVES' ; 10 CARDS; 11 N . 240 240 240 240 240 240 12 COV V1 11.1284 . . . . . 13 COV V2 5.6742 9.0054 . . . . 14 COV V3 4.5501 3.6721 6.8773 . . . 15 COV V4 -3.3499 -5.5717 -2.4405 10.9936 . . 16 COV V5 7.6444 2.5234 3.5346 -4.1854 7.1185 . 17 COV V6 -8.6329 -3.4952 -6.4061 4.3525 -5.3934 9.2144 18 ; --------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX A.3 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 504 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INFILE ÕVOLUNTEER.DATÕ ; 3 INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V7) (1.) 4 @9 (AGE) (2.) 5 @12 (IQ) (3.) 6 @16 (NUMBER) (2.) 7 @19 (SEX) ($1.) 8 #2 @1 (SATV) (3.) 9 @5 (SATM) (3.) ; 10 11 DATA D2; 12 SET D1; 13 14 V3 = 6 - V3; 15 V6 = 6 - V6; 16 RESPONS = (V1 + V2 + V3) / 3; 17 TRUST = (V4 + V5 + V6) / 3; 18 SHOULD = V7; 19 20 PROC MEANS DATA=D2; 21 RUN; 22 23 DATA D3; 24 SET D2; 25 IF SEX = 'F'; 26 27 PROC MEANS DATA=D3; 28 RUN; 29 30 DATA D4; 31 SET D2; 32 IF SEX = 'M'; 33 34 PROC MEANS DATA=D4; 35 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 508 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA A; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (NAME) ($7.) 3 @10 (SATV) (3.) 4 @14 (SATM) (3.) ; 5 CARDS; 6 John 520 500 7 Sally 610 640 8 Fred 490 470 9 Emma 550 560 10 ; 11 12 DATA B; 13 INPUT #1 @1 (NAME) ($7.) 14 @11 (SATV) (3.) 15 @15 (SATM) (3.) ; 16 CARDS; 17 Susan 710 650 18 James 450 400 19 Cheri 570 600 20 Will 680 700 21 ; 22 23 DATA C; 24 SET A B; 25 26 PROC PRINT DATA=C 27 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 512 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (NAME) ($7.) 3 @9 (SOCSEC) (9.) 4 @19 (SATV) (3.) 5 @23 (SATM) (3.) ; 6 CARDS; 7 John 232882121 520 500 8 Sally 222773454 610 640 9 Fred 211447653 490 470 10 Emma 222671234 550 560 11 ; 12 13 14 DATA E; 15 INPUT #1 @1 (NAME) ($7.) 16 @9 (SOCSEC) (9.) 17 @19 (GPA) (4.) ; 18 CARDS; 19 John 232882121 2.70 20 Sally 222773454 3.25 21 Fred 211447653 2.20 22 Emma 222671234 2.50 23 ; 24 25 PROC SORT DATA=D; 26 BY SOCSEC; 27 RUN; 28 29 PROC SORT DATA=E; 30 BY SOCSEC; 31 RUN; 32 33 DATA F; 34 MERGE D E; 35 BY SOCSEC; 36 RUN; 37 38 PROC PRINT DATA=F; 39 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX A.4 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 518 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (RESNEEDY) (1.) 3 @3 (SEX) ($1.) 4 @5 (CLASS) (1.) ; 5 CARDS; 6 5 F 1 7 4 M 1 8 5 F 1 9 F 1 10 4 F 1 11 4 F 2 12 1 F 2 13 4 F 2 14 1 F 3 15 5 M 16 4 F 4 17 4 M 4 18 3 F 19 4 F 5 20 ; 21 PROC MEANS DATA=D1; 22 VAR RESNEEDY CLASS; 23 RUN; 24 PROC FREQ DATA=D1; 25 TABLES SEX CLASS RESNEEDY; 26 RUN; 27 PROC PRINT DATA=D1; 28 VAR RESNEEDY SEX CLASS; 29 RUN; /* The following program is found on p. 533 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (SUBJECT) (2.) 3 @4 (AGE) (2.) ; 4 CARDS; 5 1 72 6 2 69 7 3 75 8 4 71 9 5 71 10 6 73 11 7 70 12 8 67 13 9 71 14 10 72 15 11 73 16 12 68 17 13 69 18 14 70 19 15 70 20 16 71 21 17 74 22 18 72 23 ; 24 PROC UNIVARIATE DATA=D1 NORMAL PLOT; 25 VAR AGE; 26 ID SUBJECT; 27 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX A.5 --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 553 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ 1 DATA D1; 2 INPUT #1 @1 (COMMIT) (2.) 3 @4 (SATIS) (2.) 4 @7 (INVEST) (2.) 5 @10 (ALTERN) (2.) ; 6 CARDS; 7 20 20 28 21 8 10 12 5 31 9 30 33 24 11 10 8 10 15 36 11 22 18 33 16 12 31 29 33 12 13 6 10 12 29 14 11 12 6 30 15 25 23 34 12 16 10 7 14 32 17 31 36 25 5 18 5 4 18 30 19 31 28 23 6 20 4 6 14 29 21 36 33 29 6 22 22 21 14 17 23 15 17 10 25 24 19 16 16 22 25 12 14 18 27 26 24 21 33 16 27 ; 28 PROC PLOT DATA=D1; 29 PLOT COMMIT*SATIS; 30 RUN; --------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX B --------------------------------------------------------- /* The following program is found on p. 565 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ DATA D1; INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V6) (1.) ; CARDS; 556754 567343 777222 665243 666665 353324 767153 666656 334333 567232 445332 555232 546264 436663 265454 757774 635171 667777 657375 545554 557231 666222 656111 464555 465771 142441 675334 665131 666443 244342 464452 654665 775221 657333 666664 545333 353434 666676 667461 544444 666443 676556 676444 676222 545111 777443 566443 767151 455323 455544 ; /* 10Jun04 - The data set that appears below has been */ /* corrected. If you analyze the data set provided */ /* here, your results should match the SAS Output */ /* that appears in Chapter 2. Changed 5th data line */ /* from 551664 4 to 551666 4. */ /* The following program is found on p. 567 of */ /* "A Step-by-Step Approach to Using the SAS System */ /* for Factor Analysis and Structural Equation */ /* Modeling." */ DATA D1; INPUT #1 @1 (V1-V6) (1.) @8 (COMMIT) (2.) ; CARDS; 776122 24 776111 28 111425 4 222633 24 551666 4 666524 4 633112 24 766212 23 454444 17 111332 8 444343 21 556212 20 543332 11 677222 27 666234 15 557322 6 555221 18 544111 17 424232 28 445435 13 767232 13 444422 8 653211 15 555323 16 655123 17 221121 11 666421 20 454332 9 655321 25 444332 12 433222 27 777314 16 555212 7 443221 4 243334 11 666111 15 423412 11 555222 18 223332 8 333335 13 445433 22 444323 12 455556 22 444112 17 334445 12 444321 16 655222 15 433344 15 557332 20 655222 13 ;